Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
ACEI |
renal damage |
|
|
alkylating agents |
lack of digits multiple anomalies |
|
|
aminoglycosides |
ototoxicity, vestibulotoxicity |
|
|
antiepileptics |
neural tube defects, cardiac defects, cleft palate, skeletal abnormalitiets (phalanx/nail hypoplasia, facial dysmorphism) |
|
|
diethylstilbestrol |
vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma, congenital mullerian abnormalities |
|
|
folate antagonists: trimethoprim, methotrexate, antiepileptics |
neural tube defects |
|
|
isotretinoin |
multiple severe birth defects, pts must be on contraception to take this medication. |
|
|
lithium |
ebstein anomaly (apical displacement of the tricuspid valve causing RHF) |
|
|
methimazole |
aplasia cutis congentia |
|
|
tetracyclines |
discolored teeth, inhibited bone growth |
|
|
thalidomide |
limb defects (phocomelia, micromelia- flipper limbs) |
|
|
warfarin |
bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities. "Keep babbies heppy with heparin." |
|
|
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome |
Cardiac (PDA, septal defects, tetralogy of fallot), microcephaly, facial abnormalities (smooth philtrum, thin vermillion border, small palpebral fissures), limb dislocation, developmental delays, intellectual disabilities. Severe: heart-lung fistulas and holoprosencephaly. All from cell migration failures. |
|
|
Cocaine |
low birth weight, preterm birth, IUGR, placental abruption |
|
|
Smoking |
Nicotine -> vasodilation, CO -> impaired O2 delivery. Low birth weight (#1 cause in developing countries), preterm labor, placental problems, IUGR, SIDS |
|
|
iodine deficiency |
hypothyroidism (cretinism): pot-bellied, pale, puffy face, protruding umbilicus, protuberant tongue, short statue, poor brain development |
|
|
maternal diabetes |
Macrosomia, hypoglycemia at birth, caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia), cardiac (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, transposition of the great vessels), neural tube defects |
|
|
Methylmercury |
neurotoxicity. From seafood like swordfish, shark, tilefish, king mackerel. |
|
|
Vitamin A excess |
high risk spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac). |
|
|
XR |
microcephaly, intellectual disability |
|
|
Timing of teratogen exposure during gestation |
Most susceptible 3rd-8th weeks. <3wks all or none effect >8wks growth and function altered |
|
|
chloramphenicol |
gray baby syndrome |
