Teas V Human Body Science

Front 1

Mouth

Back 1

Where the digestion of carbohydrates begin

Front 2

Peristalsis

Back 2

Propulsion of food through the gastrointestinal tract

Front 3

Villi and micro villi

Back 3

Cause surface area in the small intestine to increase

Front 4

Artificially acquired active immunity

Back 4

Immunity produced by a vaccine

Front 5

Cytokines

Back 5

Are released by damaged cells to draw out white blood cells

Front 6

Fever

Back 6

Enhances destruction of pathogens

Front 7

Fertility rate

Back 7

The average number of children a women will have durning childbearing years

Front 8

Less developed countries

Back 8

Fertility rates are highest

Front 9

Crude birth rate and crude death rate

Back 9

Defined by the number of births and deaths per 1,000 people per year

Front 10

Taxonomy hierarchy in order

Back 10

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Front 11

Natural selection

Back 11

Survival of the fittest

Front 12

Genes

Back 12

Stretches of DNA on a chromosome that make an organisms characteristics

Front 13

Alleles

Back 13

Name of all the different forms of genes produced by a mutation

Front 14

Mutations

Back 14

Changes in DNA that affect how the gene functions

Front 15

Nucleic acids

Back 15

Store and transmit hereditary info

Front 16

Pentose

Back 16

Type of sugar

Front 17

Phosphate group

Back 17

A molecule in the backbone of DNA And RNA that links adjoining bases together

Front 18

Nitrogen base

Back 18

Molecule found in DNA and RNA that encodes genetic info

Front 19

5 types of nitrogen bases

Back 19

Adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil

Front 20

Found in both DNA and RNA

Back 20

Adenine, cytosine, guanine

Front 21

Found only in DNA

Back 21

Thymine

Front 22

Found only in RNA

Back 22

Uracil

Front 23

RNA is the messenger between.

Back 23

DNA and protein production

Front 24

Prokaryotic

Back 24

Type of cell that can function independently of other cells there DNA is located in the nucleoid

Front 25

Cell wall

Back 25

Separates the inside and the outside of a cell

Front 26

Cytoplasm

Back 26

Gel like fluid that houses organelles

Front 27

Nucleoid

Back 27

Condensed DNA of a cell

Front 28

Plasmids

Back 28

Circular portions of DNA not associated with nucleoid

Front 29

Ribosomes

Back 29

Manufactures proteins for cells from RNA

Front 30

Flagella

Back 30

Long and whip like and project outward from the cell

Front 31

Mitochondria

Back 31

Site of atp production in cells

Front 32

Cytoplasm

Back 32

Is present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Front 33

Eukaryotic

Back 33

DNA is found in the nucleus

Front 34

Central dogma of biology

Back 34

States that DNA gives rise to RNA which gives rise to protein

Front 35

Chromosomes

Back 35

Large structures of DNA that create genes

Front 36

Cellular differentiation occurs in

Back 36

Embryo and adult

Front 37

Embryo

Back 37

Early stages of a plant or animal after fertilization

Front 38

Mitosis

Back 38

Process of cell duplication

Front 39

Interphase of a cell consist of

Back 39

S phase G1 and G2

Front 40

How is DNA double helix released to allow replication

Back 40

Enzymes initiate the unwinding of DNA and release two complimentary strands of that DNA so DNA polymerase enzymes can duplicate them

Front 41

Gametes

Back 41

Cells that form a new organism via sexual reproduction

Front 42

Meiosis

Back 42

Process by which gametes reduce there DNA

Front 43

Diploid cells

Back 43

Cells that contain toe sets of chromosomes

Front 44

Haploid cells

Back 44

Cells containing only one chromosome

Front 45

Homologous

Back 45

Cells found in diploid cells that are twins

Front 46

Mitosis prophase

Back 46

The spindle fibers form and the centrioles moves to opposite sides of the cell. Nuclear membrane disappears

Front 47

Mitosis metaphase

Back 47

The chromosome align midway along the spindle fibers

Front 48

Mitosis anaphase

Back 48

The chromosome begins to separate from their daughters. Cytokinesis begins

Front 49

Mitosis telophase

Back 49

Identical sets of chromosome are at opposite ends of the cell. Spindle fibers disappear, nuclear membranes reappear, and cytokinesis completes

Front 50

Meiosis prophase1

Back 50

Homologous chromosome condense and link in the process-forming tetrads. This allows crossing over or recombination to occur

Front 51

Meiosis metaphase1

Back 51

Homologous chromosomes move to the metaphase plate

Front 52

Meiosis anaphase1

Back 52

Homologous chromosomes separate, but the sister chromatids stay together

Front 53

Meiosis telophase1

Back 53

Cytokinesis has occurred and two haploid daughter cells are the result

Front 54

Meiosis prophase 2

Back 54

A brief stage in which spindle fibers begin to reappear and centrioles move to opposite poles

Front 55

Meiosis metaphase 2

Back 55

Sister chromatids align at a new metaphase plate

Front 56

Meiosis anaphase 2

Back 56

Sister chromatids separate

Front 57

Meiosis telophase 2

Back 57

Four haploid cells result after cytokinesis

Front 58

During meiosis what happens to a diploid cell

Back 58

Gives rise to 4 haploid cells

Front 59

Photosynthesis

Back 59

Process by which the energy from sunlight is trapped by chlorophyll and used for synthesis of glucose

Front 60

Chloroplast

Back 60

Organelle in plants that allows photosynthesis to occur

Front 61

Proteins are responsible for

Back 61

Expression of genetic traits

Front 62

Genome

Back 62

Complete set of DNA that make up a persons genes

Front 63

DNA polymerase

Back 63

Major enzyme responsible for DNA replication in cells

Front 64

Phenotypes

Back 64

Physical expression of genetic traits

Front 65

Genotype

Back 65

The organisms underlying genetic makeup and code

Front 66

Punnett square

Back 66

A graph to show All the possible combinations of alleles given by two parents

Front 67

A large saturated hydrocarbon will contain

Back 67

More than twice as many hydrogen atoms as carbon atoms

Front 68

Cells are a higher level of organization than

Back 68

Molecules

Front 69

What is needed for cellular waste recycling

Back 69

Lysosome

Front 70

What system contains the mouth and anus

Back 70

Digestive

Front 71

Respiratory system

Back 71

Keeps the body's cells supplied with oxygen: lungs larynx, nasal cavity

Front 72

Endocrine system

Back 72

Controls body function: thyroid thymus and adrenal

Front 73

Skeletal

Back 73

Provides support and protection for the whole body

Front 74

which by-products of cellular respiration is used by autotrophs in the production of glucose

Back 74

carbon dioxide

Front 75

what bond is primarily responsible for base pairing in complementary strands of DNA

Back 75

hydrogen

Front 76

DNA polymerase proofreading

Back 76

is the first defense against mutations during DNA replication

Front 77

after passing through the stomach, food continues into what structure

Back 77

duodenum

Front 78

centrosomes

Back 78

are associated with spindle fibers during mitosis

Front 79

absorption of water occurs in what part of the gastrointestinal tract

Back 79

colon

Front 80

gastrulation

Back 80

the stage at which individual tissue layers begin to form

Front 81

liberates oh in solution

Back 81

the property of a base

Front 82

during which stage of interphase is mrna synthesized

Back 82

G1

Front 83

chlorine ions

Back 83

a catalytic reaction involved in the breakdown of the ozone

Front 84

superior vena receives blood from

Back 84

veins of the upper body

Front 85

inferior veins receive blood from

Back 85

veins of the lower body

Front 86

ascending and descending artoa receive blood from

Back 86

the heart

Front 87

diaphragm

Back 87

pulls air into the body during inspiration

Front 88

how do inhbibitors affect the rate of enzymes

Back 88

they block the active sites of the substrate, causing greatly reduced activity

Front 89

translation

Back 89

the process by which RNA relay information to the ribsomes

Front 90

produce bile that begin to breakdown fat

Back 90

liver