Teas V Science

Front 1

Steps for forming a hypothesis

Back 1

1. ID the problem (observe)
2. Ask questions (attempt to formulate a solution to the problem)
3. Formulate a hypothesis (explanations to answer the questions. language must be well-defined to eliminate erroneous interpretation)

Front 2

Identify the six parts of a scientific argument

Back 2

1. ID the problem
2. Ask questions
3. Hypothesis development
4. Data Collection and Experimentation
5. Analysis
6. Conclusion

Front 3

Define
Deductive Reasoning

Back 3

General principals lead to specific conclusions

Front 4

Define
Inductive Reasoning

Back 4

Specific facts lead to general principals; relies on lots of data which leads to a certain degree of confidence in a conclusion

Front 5

List the 7 levels of the body from smallest to largest

Back 5

1. Atoms
2. Molecules
3. Cells
4. Tissues
5. Organs
6. Organ systems
7. Organism

Front 6

What is an Atom?

Back 6

The smallest possible piece of an element that retains all the properties of the element

Front 7

What is a molecule?

Back 7

A product of two or more atoms

Front 8

What is the basic unit of all life?

Back 8

Cells

Front 9

What general functions do cells have? "The fundamental units of life"

Back 9

1. converting energy
2. digesting food
3. excreting waste
4. Reproducing
5. Taking in oxygen

Front 10

What is a tissue?

Back 10

A grouping of cells of the same type that perform the same function

Front 11

What are the 4 classes of Tissue?

Back 11

1. Connective
2. Epithelial
3. Muscle
4. Nerve

Front 12

Describe
Connective Tissue

Back 12

Serves to support body parts and connect them together. Commonly has its own blood supply, but ligaments do not.

Front 13

4 types of connective tissue

Back 13

1. bone
2. cartilage
3. adipose (fat)
4. blood vessel

Front 14

Describe
Epithelial Tissue

Back 14

Type of tissue that lines organs, covers the body and produces secretions (glandular tissue). Commonly exists in sheets and does NOT have its own blood supply.

Front 15

Epithelial Tissues are classified according to what two criteria?

Back 15

Number of cell layers
Cell Shape

Front 16

Describe
Simple Epithelium

Back 16

one layer of cells, found in body structures where absorption, secretion and filtration occur.

Front 17

Describe
Stratified Epithelium

Back 17

more than one layer of cells and serves as protection

Front 18

Name
3 shapes of Epithelial Cells

Back 18

1. Squamous
2. Cuboidal
3. Columnar

Front 19

Describe
Muscle Tissue

Back 19

Allows your body parts to move via the act of contraction and relaxation

Front 20

Name & Describe
3 types of Muscle Tissue

Back 20

1. Skeletal: supprts voluntary movement - its connected to bones
2. Cardiac: found only in the heart
3. Smooth: under involuntary control - found in the walls of hollow organs (blood vessels, bladder, intestines and uterus)

Front 21

Describe
Nervous Tissue

Back 21

Provides structure for the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Nerves are made of neurons that send electrical impulses throughout the body.

Front 22

Circulatory System

Back 22

AKA Cardiovascular System -

Front 23

Digestive System

Back 23

Consists of

Front 24

Endocrine System

Back 24

Serves to control body functions

Front 25

Integumentary System

Back 25

Consists of

Front 26

Lymphatic System

Back 26

Consists of

Front 27

Muscular System

Back 27

Consists of

Front 28

Nervous System

Back 28

Consists of

Front 29

Reproductive System

Back 29

Serves to produce offspring

Front 30

Respiratory System

Back 30

Keeps the body's cells supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. Consists of

Front 31

Skeletal System

Back 31

Provides support and protection for the body and its organs and supplies a framework which helps to create movement

Front 32

Urinary System

Back 32

AKA Excretory System - Helps maintain the water and electrolyte balance within the body, regulates the acid-base balance of the blood and removes all nitrogen-containing wastes from the body.

Front 33

Define Anatomical Position

Back 33

A standard position: face-forward, feet are parallel, arms at the sides with palms facing forward

Front 34

Define Superior (position)

Back 34

Situated above or higher than another part

Front 35

Define Inferior (position)

Back 35

Situated below or lower than another part (opposite superior)

Front 36

Define Anterior

Back 36

Front or toward the front of the body or body structure

Front 37

Define Posterior

Back 37

Back or toward the back of the body or body structure(opposite of anterior)

Front 38

Define Medial or median

Back 38

In the middle or toward the middle of the body

Front 39

Define Lateral

Back 39

On the side or toward the side of the body (opposite of medial)

Front 40

Define Intermediate (position)

Back 40

between medial and lateral

Front 41

Define Proximal

Back 41

Nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body

Front 42

Define Distal

Back 42

Farther from the point of attachment or the trunch of the body (distance) (opposite of proximal)

Front 43

Define Superficial

Back 43

Near the surface of the body

Front 44

Define Deep (in relation to body location)

Back 44

away from or below the surface of the body (opposite of Superficial)

Front 45

Define Prone

Back 45

Lying on the stomach, face down

Front 46

Define Supine

Back 46

Lying on the back, face up (opposite of Prone)

Front 47

What are the three anatomic planes?

Back 47

1. Frontal Plane: divides the body into a front (anterior) portion and a rear (posterior) portion
2. Sagittal Plane: divides the body lenthwise into right and left sections
(Midsagittal) down middle
(Longitudinal) any point
3. Transverse plane: divides body horizontally into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) portions (anywhere along the body: cross sections)

Front 48

What are the two main body cavities and what sub-cavities do they house?

Back 48

1. Dorsal Cavity
a. Cranial cavity: brain
b. spinal cavity: spinal cord
2. Ventral Cavity (divided by the diaphram)
a. thoracic cavity: heart and lungs
b. abdominal: stomach, liver, gall-bladder, spleen, most intestines;
c. pelvic: reproductive organs, bladder, rectum and lower portion of the intestines

Front 49

Name the regions of the abdomen

Back 49

1. Epigastric: above the stomach and in the central part of the abdomen just above the naval
2. Hypochondriac: lies to the right and left of the epigastric region and just below the cartilage of the rib cage
3. Hypogastric: Below the stomach and in the central part of the abdomen just below the navel
4. Iliac: lies to the right and left fo the hypogastric regions near the hip bones
5. Umbilical: the area aroudn the navel
6. Lumbar: Froms the region of the lower back to the right and left fo the umbilical region

Front 50

What are the two major portions of the body?

Back 50

1. Axial
2. Appendicular: limbs

Front 51

List the 8 functions of the human body

Back 51

1. Adaptation: receive, interpret & respond to stimuli (nervous system)
2. Circulation: transport Oxygen and nutrients (cardiovascular)
3. Elimination: remove metabolic wastes (urinary system)
4. Locomotion: voluntary and involuntary movement (musculoskeletal & nervous)
5. Nutrition: take in and break down nutrients to be used for metabolism (digestive)
6. Oxygenation: take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide (respiratory)
7. Regulation: hormonal control of body functions (endocrine system)
8. Self-Duplication: production of offspring (reproductive system)