Teas Test Science Study Guide

Front 1

Cell division that produces sex cells

Back 1

Meiosis

Front 2

the three things an atom consists of

Back 2

protons (+ charge), neutrons, and electrons (- charge)

Front 3

the total number of protons and neutrons found within the nucleus of an atom

Back 3

mass number

Front 4

the average mass of all the known isotopes of an element

Back 4

atomic mass

Front 5

What kinds of tissue produces movement? Which ones are voluntary? involuntary?

Back 5

Muscle Tissue
sketetal- voluntary
smooth- involuntary
cardiac- involuntary

Front 6

cut made along a longitudinal plane divides the body into right and left parts

Back 6

sagittal section

Front 7

contains all the structures within the chest and abdomen; diaphragm divides the ventral cavity into the thoracic cavity; below the diaphragm are the abdominal and pelvic cavities

Back 7

ventral body cavity

Front 8

Which system is a storage for minerals?

Back 8

skeletal

Front 9

tiny hairs in the lungs that keep the airway clear by removing unwanted matter from the lungs

Back 9

cilla

Front 10

after leaving the bronchial tubes, air travels into the tiny air sacs that are surrounded by capillaries, they permit the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to occur

Back 10

aveoli

Front 11

What does the CNS consists of?

Back 11

Brain and spinal cord

Front 12

What does the ANS control?

Back 12

heartbeat and digestion

Front 13

What does the SNS control?

Back 13

talking and walking
12 pair of cranial nerves
31 pair of spinal nerves
flight or flight response

Front 14

Another name for large intestine?

Back 14

colon

Front 15

Chemicals that break down protiens, carbs, and fats into nutrients

Back 15

Enzymes

Front 16

the absorption of nutients occur in the small intestine to increase suface area?
(finger like projections)

Back 16

villi

Front 17

Engulfing of pathogens by white blood cells

Back 17

phagocytosis

Front 18

lyse means to

Back 18

rupture

Front 19

Chemical messengers released by damaged tissues

Back 19

Cytokines

Front 20

Strectches of DNA on a chromosome that provide info for an organisms characteristics

Back 20

Genes

Front 21

What store and transmit hereditary information?

Back 21

Nucleic acids

Front 22

What are the 5 nitrogenous bases?

Back 22

Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Thymine
Uracil

Front 23

Thymine only pairs with?
Uracil only pairs with?

Back 23

DNA
RNA

Front 24

What is the process of protein productions from messenger RNA?

Back 24

translation

Front 25

Nucleic acides include?

Back 25

DNA and RNA

Front 26

Where is the DNA located in a prokaryotic cell?

Back 26

Nucleoid

Front 27

What part of the cell makes protein?

Back 27

Ribosomes

Front 28

What is the ER responsible for?

Back 28

Moving protiens (secretion)

Front 29

What part of the cell allows cellular movement?

Back 29

Flagella

Front 30

What kinds of cells are gametes?

Back 30

Haploid

Front 31

How do heterotrophs produce there own food?

Back 31

cellular respiration

Front 32

Photsynthesis=

Back 32

Carbon dioxide + H2O + Sunlight ---> Glucose + Oxygen

Front 33

What is the major enzyme responsible for DNA replication in cells

Back 33

DNA Polymerase

Front 34

an explaination formulated to answer the question being investigated

Back 34

hypothesis

Front 35

steps used in formulating a hypothesis

Back 35

1. identify the problem
2. ask questions
3. formulate a hypothesis

Front 36

gathering of as much information as possible in attempt to answer the original posed question

Back 36

data collection

Front 37

comparing a control group and an experimental group, the 2 groups both equally represent the population, one variable difference

Back 37

experimentation

Front 38

determine if the data is reliable and whether or not it supports the hypothesis

Back 38

analysis

Front 39

after many experiments and the development of many models, it is possible to develop a theory, answer to the hypothesis, the solution

Back 39

conclusion

Front 40

a method whereby conclusions follow from general principles, leads to a specific conclusion

Back 40

deductive reasoning

Front 41

a method of arriving at general principles from specific facts, relies heavily on a preponderance of information that leads to a certain degree of confidence in a conclusion

Back 41

inductive reasoning

Front 42

list the four basic tissue types in the human body

Back 42

epithelial
connective
muscular
nervous

Front 43

list the four chambers that the heart consists of, in order of their flow

Back 43

r atrium
r ventricle
l atrium
l ventricle

Front 44

the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

Back 44

digestion

Front 45

microscopic projections of tissue that make up the villi

Back 45

microvilli

Front 46

list the 3 main functions of the Nervous System

Back 46

1. sensory function
2. motor function
3. integrative function

Front 47

an abdominal muscle that contracts, pulls air into the lungs during inspiration

Back 47

diaphragm

Front 48

list the main functions of the human body

Back 48

1. adaption
2. circulation
3. elimination
4. locomotion
5. nutrition
6. oxygenation
7. regulation
8. self-duplication

Front 49

a stable state in which all the needs of the body are met and all of the organ systems are working properly together

Back 49

homeostasis

Front 50

the act of an individual moving into a country to live

Back 50

immigration

Front 51

the act of an individual moving out of one region or country to live in another

Back 51

emigration

Front 52

list the order of the Taxonomy hierarchy

Back 52

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Front 53

stretches of DNA on a chromosome, that provide information for an organisms characteristics

Back 53

genes

Front 54

two or more different forms of a certain gene

Back 54

alleles

Front 55

increase from generation to generation of alleles of genes that allows a species to survive in their environment

Back 55

adaptation

Front 56

to store and transmit herditory information, a chain of nucleotides that consists of a pentose, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Back 56

nucleic acid

Front 57

a type of sugar

Back 57

pentose

Front 58

a molecule in the backbone of DNA and RNA that links adjoining bases together

Back 58

phosphate group

Front 59

a molecule found in RNA and DNA that encodes the genetic information in cells

Back 59

nitrogenous base

Front 60

the genetic blue print, copies

Back 60

DNA

Front 61

the messenger within the cell, transcripts

Back 61

RNA

Front 62

single-celled organism lacking defined cellular organelles or nucleus

Back 62

prokaryotic

Front 63

more complex that prokaryotic cells, some cells live as single cells but many exist as part of a larger complex of cells comprising a multi-cellular organism, numerous organelles inside the cell, each with specialized roles

Back 63

eukaryotic

Front 64

small membrane bounded sacs withing the cytoplasm, used to transport proteins or other substances in or out of the cell

Back 64

vesicles

Front 65

contains digestive enzymes that are capable of disposing of cellular debris

Back 65

lysosomes

Front 66

rid the body of toxic components

Back 66

peroxisome

Front 67

contain sections called genes, which contain information that specifies the production of proteins

Back 67

chromosomes

Front 68

an animal or a plant in the early stages of development after fertilization

Back 68

embryo

Front 69

mass of cells formed after an egg is fertilized and begins dividing

Back 69

zygote

Front 70

the process of cell duplication in which 2 daughter cells receive exactly the same nuclear material as the original cell

Back 70

mitosis

Front 71

cells that form a new organism via sexual reproduction

Back 71

gametes

Front 72

the process carried out by green plants, green algae, and certain bacteria, in which the energy from the sunlight is trapped by the green pigment chlorophyll and used for synthesis of glucose

Back 72

photosynthesis

Front 73

an organism that is able to produce its own food

Back 73

autotroph

Front 74

group of 3 nucleotides on RNA or DNA that encodes for a single, specific amino acid

Back 74

codon

Front 75

a complete set of DNA of an individual that contains all genes

Back 75

genome

Front 76

the physical expressions of genetic traits

Back 76

phenotypes

Front 77

an organism's underlying genetic makeup or code

Back 77

genotype

Front 78

the study of heredity or how traits are passed on from one parent to offspring

Back 78

genetics

Front 79

when both parents give the offspring the same allele for that particular trait

Back 79

homozygous

Front 80

each parent gives the offspring a different allele for a particular trait for that trait

Back 80

heterozygous

Front 81

a graphical way to show all possible combinations of alleles give the two parents genotypes
Homozygous Dominant (TT)
Homozygous Recessive (tt)
Heterozygous (Tt)

Back 81

Punnett Square

Front 82

waves of radiation that are characterized by electric and magnetic fields

Back 82

electromagnetic waves

Front 83

the spectrum of light is divided into bands of wavelengths ordered from short to long

Back 83

gamma ray
x-ray
ultra violet
visible
infrared
microwave
radio waves

Front 84

the energy of motion

Back 84

kinetic energy

Front 85

anything that takes up space and has mass

Back 85

matter

Front 86

quantity of matter an object has

Back 86

mass

Front 87

substance that cannot be broken into simple types of matter

Back 87

element

Front 88

atom with the same number of protons but differing number of neutrons

Back 88

isotopes

Front 89

control the rate of chemical reactions, or reactions in which atoms react to come to a stable state

Back 89

catalysts

Front 90

the chemical merging of atoms due to their electron arrangements

Back 90

chemical bonding

Front 91

proteins that are water soluble

Back 91

globular proteins

Front 92

sharing of electrons between atoms

Back 92

covalent bond