Teacher And Counselor

Front 1

Aims of Teaching and Counseling

Back 1

• Maintaining and promoting health
• Preventing illness
• Restoring health
• Facilitating coping

Front 2

Teaching Outcomes

Back 2

• High-level wellness and related self-care practices
• Disease prevention or early detection
• Quick recovery from trauma or illness with minimal or no complications
• Enhanced ability to adjust to developmental life changes and acute, chronic, and terminal illness
• Family acceptance of lifestyle necessitated by illness or disability

Front 3

Focus of Patient Education

Back 3

• Preparation for receiving care
• Preparation before discharge from healthcare facility
• Documentation of patient education activity

Front 4

Teaching Acronym

Back 4

• T – tune into the patient
• E – edit patient information
• A – act on every teaching moment
• C – clarify often
• H – honor the patient as partner in the education process

Front 5

Three Learning Domains

Back 5

• Cognitive—storing and recalling of new knowledge in the brain
• Psychomotor—learning a physical skill
• Affective—changing attitudes, values, and feelings

Front 6

Factors Affecting Patient Learning

Back 6

• Age and developmental level
• Family support networks
• Financial resources
• Cultural influences
• Language deficits
• Literacy level

Front 7

Critical Development Areas

Back 7

• Physical maturation and abilities
• Psychosocial development
• Cognitive capacity
• Emotional maturity
• Moral and spiritual development

Front 8

Teaching Plans for Older Adults

Back 8

• Identify learning barriers.
• Allow extra time.
• Plan short teaching sessions.
• Accommodate for sensory deficits.
• Reduce environmental distractions.

Front 9

Cope Model

Back 9

• C – creativity
• O – optimism
• P – planning
• E – expert information

Front 10

Assessment Parameters

Back 10

• Knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to be independent
• Readiness to learn
• Ability to learn
• Learning strengths

Front 11

Promoting Compliance

Back 11

• Be certain that instructions are understandable and support patient goals.
• Include the patient and family as partners in process.
• Utilize interactive teaching strategies.
• Develop interpersonal relationships with patients and their families.

Front 12

Providing Culturally Competent Patient Education

Back 12

• Develop an understanding of the patient’s culture.
• Work with multicultural team.
• Be aware of personal assumptions, biases, and prejudices.
• Understand the core cultural values of the patient or group.
• Develop written material in native language of the patient.
• Use testimonials of persons with same cultural background as the patient

Front 13

Sample Teaching Strategies

Back 13

• Cognitive domain—lecture, panel, discovery, written materials
• Affective domain—role modeling, discussion, audiovisual materials
• Psychomotor domain—demonstration, discovery, printed materials

Front 14

Teaching Strategies

Back 14

• Lecture
• Discussion
• Panel discussion
• Demonstration
• Discovery
• Role playing
• Audiovisual materials
• Printed materials
• Programmed instruction
• Web-based instruction

Front 15

Key Points to Effective Communication

Back 15

• Be sincere and honest.
• Avoid too much detail and stick to the basics.
• Ask for questions.
• Be a cheerleader for the patient.
• Use simple vocabulary.
• Vary the tone of voice.
• Keep content clear.
• Listen and do not interrupt.

Front 16

Sources of Information

Back 16

• Primary—patient
• Secondary—medical records, patient family

Front 17

Considerations for Successful Patient Teaching

Back 17

• Forming contractual agreements
• Considering time constraints
• Scheduling
• Group vs. individual teaching
• Formal vs. informal teaching
• Manipulating the physical environment

Front 18

Obtaining Feedback About Learning

Back 18

• Reinforcing and celebrating learning
• Evaluating teaching
• Revising the plan

Front 19

Documentation of the Teaching-Learning Process

Back 19

• Summary of the learning need
• The plan
• The implementation of the plan
• Evaluation results

Front 20

Guidelines to Patient Counseling

Back 20

• Make everyone feel comfortable in the situation and surroundings
• Counseling may be formal or informal
• Use interpersonal skills of warmth, friendliness, openness, and empathy
• Caring is fundamental in the counseling role

Front 21

Types of Counseling

Back 21

• Short-term
– Situational crisis
• Long-term
– Developmental crisis
• Motivational interviewing