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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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postural sway
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normal shifting of COG over BOS
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what is another name for balance
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postural stability
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what is balance
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body's position is in equilibrium; keep sway within limits of stability
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what is another name for proprioception
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kinesthesia
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name the two type of balance
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static or dynamic
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what is static balance
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stable position at rest within "cone of stability"; if pt fall out of the cone, they need to maintain balance
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what does balance require?
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be atleast 7-10 yrs old; develop reflexes, righting and equilibrium; interaction of sensory (1st part) and neuromuscular
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three part of sensory inputs required for balance
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visual (position and movement of head relative to the environment); vestibular (head rel to gravity); somatosensory (position of body parts in relationship to each other)
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second part of balance that integrates is called
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sensorimotor (environment-open/closed, support surface)(experience) (level of arousal)
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third part of balance is called... and its 4 strategies are:
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neuromuscular; hip, ankle, steppage; weight shift
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what does strategies at the ankle during neuromuscular response of balance do
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sm perturbation; mm activation is dist to prox; the mm used is opposite the direction of fall. example: if fall backwards, use dorsiflexor first follow by quad or abs
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what does strategies at the hip during neuromuscular response of balance do
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large rapid displacement; use during unstable surface, ankle impairement; mm activiation is prox to dist. post disp uses ilipsoas, ant displacement uses glut
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when is steppage used
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large displacement beyond the stability or balance
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when is weight shift used?
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lat displacement; abd and add are key controllers
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what would happen if sensory part of balance is injured
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somatosensory (neuropathy) (dec proprieceptor after lig injury); dec visual (aging);
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what would happen if integration part of balance is injured
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due to parkingson
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what would happen if motor part of balance is injured
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poor posture, impaired ROM or strength, pain, reaction
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what are two ways to assess balance:
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through history; MS and Neuro exam
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special test for balance
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Berg balance scale (access risk of fall), tinetti, TUG (walk 10 feet, time it took to come back)
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what kind of special tests are there for balance
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static, dynamic, computerized
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how can you progress static and dynamic
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static- open/close eyes, diff surface, wide to narrow bos; dynamic- diff surface, diff direction
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what are the goals of balance training
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correct temp impairment, prevent second impairment, prevent falls, teach compensatory strategy for permanent impairment, change impairment
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