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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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According to Burns and Holden culture consists of behavioral patterns, knowledge and values
which have been acquired and transmitted through generations. a. True b. False |
TRUE
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Acculturation theory states that when two cultures come into contact for any length of time, an
exchange of ideas and products will take place that, through time, produce varying levels of convergence between the cultures; that is they become similar. a. True b. False |
TRUE
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The demonstration effect, it is theorized, states that tourists simply observing local residents
will lead to a change in the behavior of the tourist. a. True b. False |
FALSE
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Who conducted an important on socio-cultural impacts of tourism in the Scottish Highlands in
the late 1970’s and again in the early 1990’s? a. Doxey b. Getz c. Mason d. Butler |
GETZ
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Burns and Holden argued when there is a large contrast between the culture of the receiving
society and the origin culture, and then it is likely that impacts will be greatest. a. True b. False |
TRUE
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Cultural attractions in relation to tourism include which of the following?
a. architecture b. language c. handicrafts d. answers a,b,c |
D
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The demonstration effect may also encourage the more able, younger members of society to
migrate from rural areas in search of the ‘demonstrated’ lifestyle in urban areas or even overseas. a. True b. False |
True
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International Tourists who come from developed countries are increasingly involved in sex
tourism throughout the last three decades of the twentieth century. A. True B. False |
TRUE
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Socio-Cultural impacts research in tourism tends to be more qualitative and subjective in
comparison with the more quantitative approaches used to measure economic impact. a. True b. False |
TRUE
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Ryan stated that the desire of many tourists to experience a different culture in not common
today because many people do not want to encounter the developing world. a. True b. False (page 60) |
FALSE
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The residents of tourism areas.
2. The study of society and is concerned with people in groups, their interaction, their attitudes, and their behavior. 3. How people interact as observed through social interaction, social relations, and material artifacts. 4. That simply observing tourists will lead to behavioral changes in the resident population. a. sociology b. hosts c. demonstration effect d. culture |
1-b (page 57); 2-a (page 57); 3-d (page 58-59); 4-c (page 57)
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Elderly people are particularly susceptible to the demonstration effect.
a. True b. False |
False
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Getz’s outcome of his investigation of Spey valley showed that there was some
increase in negative attitudes to tourism over the time period (from 1978 to 1972), but not to the extent indicated by Doxey, but rather it was based more on economic fluctuations, both nationally and locally. a. True b. False |
True
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Authenticity is never lost when purposely made into part of the tourist experience.
a. True b. False |
False
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The creation of employment, the revitalization of poor or non-industrialized regions, the
rebirth of local arts and crafts and traditional cultural activities, and the revival of social and cultural life of the local population are all some examples of __________________ impacts of tourism in the socio-cultural area. |
beneficial
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In the case study Attitudes to Tourism on the Greek Island of Samos, increasing
__________________ __________________ was the only factor seen negatively by all groups, except the young. |
sexual permissiveness
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Tourism can cause __________________ in resorts, which can cause stress for both
tourists and residents; this being a detrimental effect of socio-cultural impacts of tourism. |
Overcrowding
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Which of the following is NOT included in the scope of the concept of the environment?
a. Natural Resources b. Wildlife Reserves c. Natural Environment d. Built Environment |
B
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True of False? A rural environment can sustain far higher levels of tourist visiting
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False
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Which of the following is NOT a form of carrying capacity?
a. Physical Carrying Capacity b. Ecological Carrying Capacity c. Social Carrying Capacity d. Perceptual Carrying Capacity |
C
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4. Overloading of key infrastructure
5) Development of new and improved sources of supply 6) Loss of habitats and change in species composition a) biodiversity b)Erosion & Physical c)Resource Base |
(4) B, (5) C, (6) A
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What is the most important environmental problem of Glowworm Cave?
a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbon Monoxide c. Ether d. Methane |
A
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True of False? EIA Assessments include identifying the nature of proposed & induced
nature, identifying the affected elements of the environment, evaluating the nature & extent of environmental impacts and proposing employee strategies to control impacts. |
False
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Which of the following areas are the most environmentally sensitive in New Zealand?
a. Coastal Areas b. High Country Areas c. Mountain Areas d. All of the above |
D
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What is a negative environmental impact caused by tourism?
a. Creation of unsightly structures b. Conserving animals for attractions c. Site restoration d. Clearing urban dereliction |
A
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Which aspect is not one of the five aspects of an environment?
a. Natural Environment b. built environment c. wildlife d. resident environment |
D
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There is a mutual dependence between tourism and the environment.
a. True b. False |
True
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Promotion of the
a. establishment of National Parks b. Promotion of the preservation of buildings and monuments c. Earning money to maintain wildlife habitats and heritage sites d. All of the above are positive environmental impacts |
D
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The nature of the activities tourists are engaged in will greatly influence _______ impact?
a. Environmental b. tourist receipt c. accommodation d. employment |
A
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The environment is made up of both natural and __________ features.
a. Entertaining b. Human c. Infrastructure d. Risky |
B
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The environment is made up of both natural and __________ features.
a. Entertaining b. Human c. Infrastructure d. Risky |
B
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The threshold measure, beyond which damage and possible irreversible change may
occur in known as? a. Irridex b. product life cycle c. carrying capacity d. tourist impact chart |
C
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There are three forms of carrying capacity. Which of the following is not one of these
forms? a. Environmental b. consumption c. ecological d. perceptual |
B
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A threshold measure, which if exceeded will lead to the damage of plant’s or animal’s
natural habitat is the definition for? a. Ecological carrying capacity b. Consumption carrying capacity c. Perceptual carrying capacity d. Environmental carrying capacity |
A
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The Glowworm Cave is a key feature of the Waitomo Cave in New Zealand. On average
how many visitors does it bring in per year? a. 25,000 b. 1 million c. 500,000 d. 150,000 |
C
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A natural environment is made up of?
a. Oceans, seas and beaches b. Flora and land based mammals c. Fish farms d. Villages |
A
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The relationship between tourism and the environment is complex. True or False
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True
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The environment is NOT a key resource for tourism. True or False
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False
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Which one is not an aspect of the environment?
A. Natural Environment B. Wildlife C. Café D. Build Environment |
C
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4. The Natural Environment
5. The Build Environment 6. Natural Resources 7. Wildlife 8. The Farmed Environment A. Water, Climate, Air B. Mountainous Areas C. Fish Farms D. Villages & Townscapes E. Flora, Birds |
4:b 5:d 6:a 7:e 8:c
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Which one is a positive environmental impact?
A. Tourism may stimulate measures to protect the environment B. Tourism can promote the establishment of National Parks C. Tourism can promote the preservation of monuments D. All of the above |
D
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Which one is a negative environmental impact?
A. Dropping Litter B. Overcrowding of people C. Pollution of water and beaches D. All of the above |
D
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The environment is made up of both natural and human features.
a. True b. False |
True
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One of the key concepts in relation to environmental impacts of tourism is biodiversity.
a. True b. False |
False
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Both environmental carrying capacity and ecological carry capacity can be measured
with scientific equipment. a. True b. False |
True
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The environment provides some of the significant attractions for visitors.
a. True b. False |
True
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Which of these are NOT-- important negative impacts on the environment?
a. Footpath erosion b. River and marine pollution c. Traffic Congestion d. Biodiversity of a habitat |
D
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Positive impacts of tourism include:
a. Stimulate measure to protect the environment b. Promote the establishment of National Parks c. Promote the preservation of buildings d. All of the above |
D
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As visitor numbers continue to increase, the need for carefully planned and managed
tourism has not become an issue a. True b. False |
False
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Tourism can have beneficial impacts by contributing to an awareness of the need to
conserve the environment a. True b. False ( |
True
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New Zealand is a major tourist attraction
a. True b. False |
True
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Until the ____ New Zealand felt sheltered from negative impacts of tourism on the
environment a. 1980s b. 1960s c. 1990s d. 2000s |
A
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One of the key elements of the process of planning is……
a. Research b. Decision-making c. Communication d. Coordination |
B
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Planning is a process conducted only by the government
a. True b. False |
False
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Cullingsworth claimed that rational planning is a theoretical idea. He also claimed that actual
planning is a practical exercise of political choice that involves…… a. Conflicts and Values b. Decision-Making and Communication c. Beliefs and Values d. Thoughts and Processes |
C
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i.Demand Phase
ii. Need Phase iii.Enterprise Phase a. Focus on the needs of particular groups b. Rise of private providers c. Response to growing population |
i-C, ii-A, iii-B
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Which of the following is not one of the stages developed by Cooper et al.?
a. Survey of existing data b. Implementation of the plan c. Reviewing history of past tourism information in the area d. Monitoring, evaluation, and re-formulation |
C
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A tourism action plan defines the who, what, where, when, and how of making tourism happen.
There are six main components to this plan. a. True b. False |
False
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A key issue with tourism planning is that it operates at a number of scales, from national,
through regional to the local level. a. True b. False |
True
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An aspect of tourism management which focuses specifically on people who work in tourism
is: a. Functional management b. Labor management c. Human resources management d. Employee management |
A
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Which of the following is not one of the five variables indicated by Middleton and Hawkins?
a. Location b. Access c. Services d. Education |
C
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In the early 1990s, the Australian Tourist Board produced an influential report on the
relationship between tourism and the environment… a. True b. False |
False
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Planning is a forward-looking, future-oriented activity.
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True
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According to Williams (1998) the aim of modern planning is to seek optimal solutions to
perceived problems. |
True
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A plan enables is to identify where we are going and how to get there
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True
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Planning is just a process conducted by government.
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False
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The case study of New Zealand gives an indication of the links between tourism planning
and government. |
False
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William suggested tourism planning has a number of key objectives, which is not true?
i. The creation of mechanism for the structured provision of tourist facilities over q uite large geographic areas. ii. The redistribution of tourism benefits. iii. Requires a policy, which states the aims and objectives to be implemented. iv. The coordination of the fragmented nature of tourism |
iii
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There are 5 main components to the action plan, which one is not one of them?
i. Marketing ii. Infrastructure iii. Hospitality iv. Attraction |
i
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Name two of the four key players in tourism management.
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the tourists themselves, the host population, the tourism industry, government agencies
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The 'ETB' Triangle stresses the importance of both the toursit and the ________ when discussing the factors influencing management issues in tourism.
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Local/host community
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One of the basic responsibilities of the tourist is to obey local law and regulations.
True or False |
True
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One of the extra responsibilites of the tourist in relation to sustainable tourism is to buy souvenirs that are made from living creatures.
True or False |
False
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Which of the following is right of a tourist as discussed in chapter 8?
a. the right to be safe and secure from crime, terrorism and disease b. the right to a lawyer if in case of a legal dilemma c. the right to utilize all natural resources available for personal satisfaction d. the right to use any foreign currency |
A
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The right to a safe, clean, physical environment is one of the six rights as mentioned in chapter 8 of the text book
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True
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Which of the following is a reason for the involvement of the public sector in tourism as discussed in chapter 8?
a. The public sector is mandated to represent the whole population and not just one set of stakeholders or interest group. b. The public sector gives incentives to tour operators for utilizing their services. c. The public sector has always been involved in the development of all aspects of tourism. d. None of the above e. All of the Above |
A
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7.In regards to tourism development and management, governments tend to operate at a number of different levels in any one country
a. True b. False |
True
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Middleton and Hawkins argued, that the tourism industry is so large and diverse that some tourism companies could see themselves as part of the same industry.
a. True b. False |
False
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___________________ and or_________________ tourism was created for tourist to have more responsible tourism but also a part of eco-tourism.
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Alternative and responsible
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List 4 key perspectives of tourism planning and management?
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Tourist, Host communities(population), tourism industry, and government agencies
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What are the 3 major roles of the public sector of government agencies when it comes to tourism planning and management?
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represent the whole population, to be impartial, they can take longer to view tourism development
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True of False, does government have a role in marketing tourism?
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True
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Which of the following are parts of Agenda 21 developed in 1992 by the Rio environmental summit?
A. Waste minimization, re-use and recycling B. Design for sustainability C. Use more environmentally friendly transportation D. There is no need to worry about energy efficiency, conservation and management E. All of the above |
A, B, C
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All the following are examples of the tourism industry but which one does not belong?
A. Travel Agents B. Tour Operators C. Carriers such as airlines, rail companies D. Media |
D, Media
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Many tourism companies offer customer loyalty campaigns can you give at least 2 of them that you hear
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Advertising, answers can vary, the concept "frequent flyer miles", punch cards
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Marketing Mix is made up of 4 P's what is the order of them
A. Product, Promotion, Price, Place B. Product, Price, Promotion, Place C. Place, Product, Price, Promotion D. NOne of the above match |
B
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True of False. The strongest influence on the level of demand that a product is the Price.
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True
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What could be considered the Fifth 'P'?
A. Priceless B. People C. Placement D. Private |
B
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