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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is ET or endotracheal intubation?
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a tube placed into the trachea via the mouth or nose, past the larynx; OR through a stoma in the neck (tracheostomy)
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what are some indications for ETT intubation?
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1. upper airway obstruction (secondary to burns, tumor, or bleeding)
2. apnea 3. high risk for aspiration 4. ineffective clearance of secretions 5. respiratory distress |
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what is a tracheotomy and when is it usually performed?
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a tracheotomy is a surgical procedure that is performed when the need for an artificial airway is expected to be long term.
Early tracheotomies (between 2-10 days) generally have advantages over delayed trachs when mechanical ventilation is needed long term (longer than 10-14 days) |
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what are the differences between oral and nasal intubation?
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oral intubation- ETT is passed through the mouth and vocal cords and into the trachea (via a laryngoscope or bronchoscope)
nasal intubation- ETT is placed blindly (no instruments) through the nose, nasopharynx and vocal cords. |
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When would you use Oral ET Intubation vs Nasal ET Intubation? Why?
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Oral ET intubation is usually used in emergencies b/c the airway can be secured rapidly.
OTTs have a larger diameter tube, therefore the WOB (work of breathing) is reduced d/t less airway resistance; also it's easier to remove secretions and perform bronchoscopy NT tubes are indicated when there is a head/neck injury and manipulation is risky; there is a higher risk for kinking in the tube; the WOB is greater, there is more airflow resistance and suctioning/secretion removal is more difficult. There is also an increase in sinus infections (sinusitis) and VAP |
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When is nasal intubation contraindicated?
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in patients with facial fractures, suspected fractures at the base of the skull, and post-op cranial surgeries
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what should always be at the bedside of a patient receiving intubation/mechanical ventilation?
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bag-valve-mask (also called and Ambu-bag)
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what is RSI (rapid sequence intubation)?
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rapid, concurrent administration of a combination of both paralytics and sedatives during emergency airway management. these medicine decrease the risk of aspiration, combativeness and injury to the patient
Ex. Versed (midazolam) |
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Before intubation is attempted, the patient is preoxygenated with ______% O2 for ________ minutes
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100% O2 for 3-5 minutes
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what do you use to determine the correct placement of tube location after intubation?
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CXR, chest X-Ray
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