Tcm Theory Foundations - Week 4

Front 1

What is pathogenesis?

Back 1

Occurrence, development and change of a disease.

Front 2

What can contribute to disease or pathogenesis?

Back 2

An imbalance of Yin and Yang, dysfunction of zang-fu organs, meridians, Qi, Blood and body fluids.

Front 3

When does pathogenesis occur?

Back 3

When Qi (Upright Qi) and Pathogens struggle (Upright Qi includes all types of Qi and Blood.)

Front 4

No Pathogen + Normal Upright Qi =

Back 4

Perfect Health

Front 5

No Pathogen + deficient Upright Qi =

Back 5

Deficiency Condition (aka empty condition)

Front 6

Strong Pathogen + Strong Upright Qi =

Back 6

Full Condition

Front 7

Strong Pathogen + deficiency Upright Qi =

Back 7

Full/Empty Condition

Front 8

Weak Pathogen + Strong Upright Qi =

Back 8

Full/Empty Condition

Front 9

Weak Pathogen + Deficient Upright Qi =

Back 9

Full or Empty condition (chronic)

Front 10

Weak and deficient also means _______________

Back 10

Empty

Front 11

Strong also means _________________

Back 11

Full

Front 12

What are some details on:

No Pathogen + deficient Upright Qi =

Deficiency Condition (aka empty condition)

Back 12

- Mild symptoms

- Chronic disease developing slowly

- Internal only ( chronic int. only condition. Ex: SP Qi def because of lifestyle or KD Yang def from overwork etc.)

Front 13

What are some details on:

Strong Pathogen + Strong Upright Qi =

Full Condition

Back 13

- Internal or External

- Acute or Chronic

- Strong symptoms

- If external and acute, will have high fever (Ex. Strong wind/heat in a healthy person)(Lv Qi stagnation due to repressed emotions overtime will have more pronounced symptoms.)

Front 14

What are some details on:

Strong Pathogen + deficiency Upright Qi =

Full/Empty Condition

Back 14

- Mixed excess and def. patterns

- Internal or external

- External: Mild ex: body aches and mild fever

- Internal: Post viral fatigue. Can't seem to shake the symptoms completely. Pathogen penetrates deeper causing chronic condition

Front 15

What are some details on:

Weak Pathogen + Strong Upright Qi =

Full/Empty Condition

Back 15

- Internal or External

- Because pathogen is weak and upright Qi is strong, symptoms are mild.

- With external wind invasion, chills, or mild fever.

- Internal condition may have dampness with very few clinical manifestations.

Front 16

What are some details on:

Weak Pathogen + Deficient Upright Qi =

Full or Empty condition (chronic)

Back 16

- Can be full because there's still a pathogenic factor involved.

- Can be external or internal with super mild symptoms.

- External Condition: Mild invasion of wind-cold symptoms. No fever or chills. Internal Condition: Already has dampness or phlegm so the pathogen causes the symptoms to linger.

Front 17

Explain an imbalance of Yin and Yang:

Back 17

An excess of Yang brings about heat signs; and excess of Yin brings about cold signs. An excess of Yang leads to disorder of Yin and vice versa.

Front 18

Excess yang produces excess _____________

Back 18

Heat

Front 19

Pathogenic yang is ____________ caused by ______________ pathogens that invade the body.

Back 19

Heat or Fire - External Yang

Front 20

What is caused by External Yang pathogens in the body?

Back 20

- Wind-Heat

- Summer Heat

- Dryness

- Phlegm (also brings heat)

*anything that stagnates brings on heat (Qi, Blood, etc.)

Front 21

Heat that is derived from the transformation of other pathogenic factors such as:

Back 21

- Cold turning to heat

- Phlegm turning to heat

- Qi stagnation turning to heat in the blood, etc.

Front 22

Excess yang producing heat symptoms can be internally generated from:

Back 22

- Emotions: All 7 emotions can turn into fire.

- Diet and Stress can also cause heat.

Front 23

What are symptoms of pathogenic heat?

Back 23

- Heat

- Thirst

- Dark Urine

Front 24

What are the main organs affected by heat?

Back 24

- Heart

- Lung

- Stomach

- Liver

Front 25

Heat injures ______________ and can lead to Yin deficiency.

Back 25

Ying Qi

Front 26

Excess Yin produces __________ symptoms.

Back 26

Cold

Front 27

External Yin pathogens that invade the body are:

Back 27

- Wind-cold

- Cold Damp

Front 28

External cold which invades the interior directly affects which organs:

Back 28

- Stomach

- Intestines and Uterus

Front 29

External cold which invades the channels and joints causes _________ pain.

Back 29

Bi pain (Bi=blockage)

Front 30

Pathogenic yin can cause symptoms such as ________, __________ and _____________ that are yin pathogens but often derive from yang deficiency.

Back 30

Cold, Dampness and Phlegm

Front 31

Symptoms of pathogenic yin (excess yin) are:

Back 31

- Cold feeling

- Cold limbs

- Pain

- Pail urine

Front 32

What are the main organs affected by cold?

Back 32

- Stomach

- Lung

- Intestines and Uterus

Front 33

Pathogenic Yin obstructs Yang Qi so leads to ___________.

Back 33

Yang deficiency

Front 34

A relative deficiency of Yin or Yang is due to the hypo-function of and _________, _________ or ____________.

Back 34

Substance, organ or meridian.

Front 35

Yang deficiency is also known as:

Back 35

- Cold syndrome due to Yang def.

- Deficiency Cold

Front 36

Yang deficiency cold is true weakness or absence of physiological heat in the body, caused by:

Back 36

- Weak constitution

- Improper diet (excessive consumption of cold food)

- Excessive physical work or overwork

Front 37

Over months, deficiency cold injures yang Qi causing ___________.

Back 37

Yang Deficiency

Front 38

Symptoms of Yang def. (aka deficiency cold) are:

Back 38

- Feeling Cold

- Aversion to cold

- Desire for warmth

- Cold limbs

- Pale Urine

- No energy

- Slow pulse

Front 39

Main organs affected by Yang def. (aka deficiency cold) are:

Back 39

- Heart

- Spleen

- Lung

- Kidney

- Stomach

Front 40

Yin Deficiency is also known as:

Back 40

- Heat syndrome due to Yin Def.

- Deficiency Heat

Front 41

Yang pathogens impair or consume ________ substances.

Back 41

Yin substances (Yin Blood, Body Fluids, Essence)

Front 42

Yang pathogens impairing yin (yin def.) is caused by:

Back 42

- Over work

- External pathogen which consumes body fluids and yin as in febrile disease (signs of fever.)

- Yin def (def heat) can cause fire over time.

- Internal causes from intestinal fire from emotions or other reasons that can consume yin.

Front 43

What are the symptoms of yin deficiency?

Back 43

- Dryness (mouth, skin, eyes)

- Drinking in small sips

- Feeling warm or hot in the afternoons

- Malar flush

- Night sweats

Front 44

What are the tongue and pulse for Yin deficiency?

Back 44

- Red tongue with no coating

- Rapid pulse

Front 45

What are the main organs affected by Yin def.?

Back 45

- Heart

- Lung

- Kidney

- Liver

- Stomach

Front 46

Deficiency of both Yin and Yang simultaneously usually occur:

Back 46

In times such as menopause, causing aging symptoms and a mixture of cold and heat symptoms.

Front 47

Yin depletion is:

Back 47

A sudden, massive consumption or loss of fluids, leading to severe yin deficiency.

Front 48

Symptoms of yin depletion are:

Back 48

- Profuse Sweating

- Severe Vomiting

- Diarrhea

- Massive bleeding

- Red Face

- Coma or Fainting (as with heart attack)

Front 49

Yang depletion is:

Back 49

When pathogens deep in the body exhaust Qi.

Front 50

Symptoms of Yang depletion are:

Back 50

- Profuse cold sweating

- cold extremities

- exhaustion

- very weak pulse (as in kidney failure)

Front 51

Which way should Qi normally move?

Back 51

Ascend and Exit (yang movement) and defend and enter (yin movement.)

Front 52

External diseases usually affect:

Back 52

The entering and exiting movement of Qi.

Front 53

Internal diseases usually affect:

Back 53

The ascending and descending mechanisms of Qi

Front 54

The movement of Qi can also be disrupted in the channels, usually due to _____________ in the channels or local stagnation due to __________ or _________________.

Back 54

External pathogenic factors

Trauma or repetitive strain.

Front 55

What is the main symptom for Qi obstruction?

Back 55

Pain

Front 56

_________ and __________ Qi to the orifices (mind, eyes, nose, mouth & ears) is important for normal function.

Back 56

Ascending and Decending

Front 57

When Qi fails to ascend to the orifices, these symptoms occur:

Back 57

- Blurred vison

- Difficulty hearing

- Absent or diminished sense of smell

- Less sense of taste

- Poor memory

- Muzziness and unclear thinking

Front 58

When Qi fails to descend from orifices, these are the symptoms that occur:

Back 58

- Sticky, painful eyes

- Excessive ear wax

- Blocked/runny nose

- Sticky taste in mouth

- Feeling of heaviness and muzziness in head

- Dizziness

Front 59

When we speak of Qi deficiency, we're usually referring to ______ if nothing else is specified.

Back 59

Spleen

Front 60

What can cause Qi deficiency?

Back 60

- Weak constitution

- Chronic illness

- Emotions

- Improper Lifestyle

- Being overworked

Front 61

What are the symptoms of Qi deficiency?

Back 61

- Weak voice

- Some shortness of breath

- Fatigue

- Spontaneous sweat

- Catching flu frequently

- Slow Digestion and Poor appetite

- Loose stools

Front 62

If we're speaking of Qi stagnation, we're usually referring to ___________ unless otherwise specified.

Back 62

Liver

Front 63

What causes Qi stagnation?

Back 63

- Emotions

- Trauma

- Phlegm

- Food

- Body Fluids or Blood Stagnation

Front 64

What are the symptoms of Qi stagnation?

Back 64

- Abdominal Distention

- Distending pain which moves

- Irritability

- Frequent mood swings

- Gloomy feeling

- Frequent sighing

- Wiry pulse

Front 65

When we're referring to Qi rebelling, we're usually referring to __________ unless specified.

Back 65

Stomach

Front 66

What is Qi rebelling?

Back 66

Qi flowing in the wrong direction.

Front 67

What are the causes of Qi rebelling?

Back 67

- Emotions

- Stagnation of Qi, blood or pathogens

(cold-dampness-phlegm accumulation)

Front 68

What are the symptoms of Qi rebelling in Lung?

Back 68

Qi rebells upwards causing cough and asthma.

Front 69

What are the symptoms of Qi rebelling in Stomach?

Back 69

Qi rebells upwards causing nausea, vomiting, hiccups, acid reflux, belching.

Front 70

What are the symptoms of Qi rebelling in Liver?

Back 70

Qi rebells upwards to the head, causing headaches, dizziness, irritability.

Front 71

What are the symptoms of Lv Qi rebelling horizontally against the St?

Back 71

Belching, nausea and vomiting.

Front 72

What are the symptoms of Lv Qi rebelling horizontally agains the Spleen?

Back 72

Diarrhea

Front 73

What are the symptoms of Lv Qi rebelling horizontally agains Intestines?

Back 73

Dry stools

Front 74

What are the symptoms when Qi rebells downwards?

Back 74

Burning urination

Front 75

When we're referring to Qi sinking, we're usually referring to __________ unless otherwise specified.

Back 75

Spleen

Front 76

What are the causes of Qi sinking?

Back 76

- Weak constitution

- Sp Qi is already deficient and then pathogen invasion further weakens the Sp.

- Depression

- Prolapse of organs

- Empty Pulse

Front 77

What are the symptoms of Qi sinking?

Back 77

- Qi def symptoms

- Bearing down section in lower abdomen

- Mental depression

- Prolapse of organs

- Empty pulse

Front 78

Blood deficiency are the disharmonies of which organs?

Back 78

Liv unless specified.

Can also affect Sp and KD.

Front 79

Blood deficiency is caused by:

Back 79

- Organs not making enough blood (Sp+Lu+KD+HRT)

- Chronic bleeding or illness

- Overuse of mental activity

Front 80

What are the symptoms of blood deficiency?

Back 80

Dull, white, sallow complexion, Pale lips and fingernails, Dizzy, Palpitations, numbness, blurred vision, poor memory (HRT, Liv, KD), tingling, insomnia, scanty or no periods, depression, pale slightly dry tongue, choppy fine pulse.

Front 81

Blood stasis is caused by:

Back 81

- Qi stagnation

- Qi deficiency

- Heat in the blood

- Blood deficiency

- Interior Cold or Phlegm accumulation

Front 82

Symptoms of blood stasis are:

Back 82

Dark complexion, purple lips and nails, stabbing fixed pain, masses that do not move, stabbing headache, clots in menses blood with dark blood, painful periods, purple tongue, wiry or choppy pulse.

Front 83

Blood heat is caused by:

Back 83

Internal or external heat/fire, emotions.

Front 84

Symptoms of blood heat are:

Back 84

Feeling of heat, skin diseases with red eruptions, thirst, bleeding (internal or external,) a red tongue, rapid pulse.

Front 85

Body fluids are similar to ________ so the manifestations are similar.

Back 85

Yin

Front 86

The causes of body fluids deficiency are:

Back 86

Dietary (excess baked foods, drying foods or irregular eating,) heavy or prolonged loss of body fluids (vomiting,) sever loss of blood due to accident, surgery, dry-heat pathogens invasion becoming chronic, illness, emotions turn to fire, excessive intake of dry-pungent foods/herbs, trauma causing bleeding, vomiting, profuse sweating.

Front 87

Symptoms of body fluids deficiency are:

Back 87

Dry skin, mouth, nose, cough, lips and dry tongue

Front 88

Symptoms of body fluids deficiency in LU:

Back 88

Dry cough and dry skin. No phlegm and nose bleed (dry and dark.)

Front 89

Symptoms of body fluids deficiency in ST:

Back 89

Dry tongue with horizontal cracks and dry mouth with no desire to drink or if there is, small sips.

Front 90

Symptoms of body fluids deficiency in KD:

Back 90

Scanty urine, dry mouth at night and dry throat

Front 91

Symptoms of body fluids deficiency in LI:

Back 91

Dry Stool, small, constipation

Front 92

Body fluid accumulation/edema is caused by:

Back 92

Disturbances in the distribution and discharge of fluids due to Yang deficiency of KD, SP and LU, dampness, phlegm or Qi stagnation.

Front 93

Symptoms of body fluid excess are:

Back 93

Edema which can be pitted (Yang def) or non-pitted (Qi stagnation or dampness.)

Front 94

Symptoms of excess body fluids in LU:

Back 94

Affects upper jiao mostly, edema on face and hands. (ask if they have had lymph nodes removed.)

Front 95

Symptoms of excess body fluids in SP:

Back 95

Edema in middle jiao, distended abdomen and limbs.

Front 96

Symptoms of excess fluids in KD:

Back 96

Edema in lower parts of the body, legs and ankles.

Front 97

What are the 5 internal pathogens?

Back 97

- Wind

- Cold

- Dampness

- Dryness

- Fire

Front 98

Symptoms of Liv Yang upper rising stirring wind (emotions):

Back 98

- Tremor

- Dizzy

- Mouth deviation

- Hemiplegia

- Sudden fainting

Front 99

Symptoms of extreme heat inducing wind (febrile acute disease):

Back 99

- Convulsions

- Spasm

- High Fever

- Delirium

- Coma

Front 100

Symptoms of Liver Yin deficiency generating wind (late stage of disease):

Back 100

- Twitching

- Cramping

- Tremors

- Involuntary limb movements (on and off)

Front 101

Symptoms of Liver blood deficiency generating wind (SP Qi def or loss of blood or chronic illness):

Back 101

- Numb skin and muscles

- Tic

- Tensed muscles

Front 102

Symptoms of body fluids def, generates blood dryness:

Back 102

- Dry Skin

- Itchy Skin

- Scaly

- Flaky skin

Front 103

Symptoms of SP Yang def. causing cold:

Back 103

- Aversion to cold

- Loves heat

- Cold limbs

- Muscle spasms

- Fatigue

- Pale

Front 104

Symptoms of KD Yang def, causing cold:

Back 104

- Profuse clear urine

- Diarrhea

- Watery stoof

- Edema (feet area)

Front 105

Symptoms of LU Yang def.:

Back 105

- Cough

- Asthma

- Thin/watery frothy sputum

Front 106

Symptoms of SP Qi def. causing accumulation of dampness:

Back 106

- Distension & fullness of abdomen

- Poor appetite

- Sweet taste in mouth (Pancreas)

- Thick & greasy tongue coating

Front 107

Symptoms of body fluids deficiency (dryness) affecting the ST:

Back 107

Constipation with dry small stools

Front 108

Symptoms of excess heat fire blazing:

Back 108

Palpitations, thirst, mouth or tongue ulcers, mental agitation, restlessness, insomnia, red face, dark urine, bitter taste in mouth, red tip on tongue, yellow thick coat.

Front 109

Symptoms of phlegm disturbing fire & harassing heart:

Back 109

Palpitations, dream disturbed sleep, incoherent speech, mental confusion, uncontrolled behaviour, red tongue w/ sticky coat.

Front 110

Symptoms of Liver yang turning into fire blazing:

Back 110

Temporal headache, angry, red face & eyes, constipation, dark yellow urine, dizzy, irritable, tinnitus, nose bleed, red sides of tongue, thick yellow coat.

Front 111

Symptoms of diet bringing on ST Fire:

Back 111

Heart burn, loves cold drinks, very hungry, swelling & bleeding gums, nausea, bad breath, insomnia, red tongue with thick yellow dry coat in centre.

Front 112

Symptoms of cold-damp affecting SP:

Back 112

Heavy head, heavy body, no appetite, loose stools, fatigue, white vaginal discharge, cold body (improved by warmth), sticky-thin white tongue coating.

Front 113

Symptoms of Damp-fire affecting LV and GB:

Back 113

Rib and chest fullness, jaundice, yellow vaginal discharge, fever, scanty dark urine, abdominal bloating, itchy-red swollen scrotum, red sides of tongue with yellow sticky coat.

Front 114

Symptoms of Damp-fire affecting BL:

Back 114

Frequent-urgent urination, burning difficult urination, blood in urine, thirst, red spots at the toot of the tongue with thick yellow coat at the root also.

Front 115

Symptoms of Damp-fire affecting LI:

Back 115

Diarrhea with abdominal pain, mucus and blood in stool, offensive stool odour, burning anus, sticky sweat, scanty dark urine, heavy lower limbs, red tongue with sticky yellow coat.

Front 116

Visible/palpable phlegm comes out:

Back 116

The mouth and nose, etc.

Front 117

Invisible phlegm does what?

Back 117

Harasses Heart/Mind and creates mental illness.