Tca Cycle, Etc, Ox. Phosphorylation

Front 1

TCA cycle occurs in the

Back 1

Mitochondria

Front 2

TCA cycle is a common pathway for

Back 2

Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Front 3

Acetyl CoA used in

Back 3

Fatty Acid Biosynthesis, Cholesterol

Front 4

Enzymes Used in TCA Cycle(8)

Back 4

Citrate Synthetase
Aconitase
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
Succinyl CoA Synthetase
Succinyl Dehydrogenase
Fumarase
Malate Dehydrogenase

Front 5

Citrate Synthetase

Back 5

Formation of Citrate from Oxaloacetate and Acetyl CoA

Front 6

Aconitase

Back 6

Citrate to Isocitrate
Moves C4 Hydroxyl to C5.

Cis-Aconitate intermediate

Front 7

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

Back 7

Isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate
(removal of first CO2 molecule)

Front 8

α-ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase

Back 8

α-ketoglutarate to Succinyl CoA
(Removal of 2nd CO2 molecule)

Front 9

Succinyl CoA Synthetase

Back 9

Succinyl CoA to Succinate

produces GTP

Front 10

Succinyl Dehydrogenase

Back 10

Succinate to Fumarate
Oxidation of C2-C3 bonnd

Front 11

Any time alkene is formed. ___ is produced

Back 11

FADH2

Front 12

Fumarase

Back 12

Fumarate to Malate
(addition of water)

Front 13

Malate Dehydrogenase

Back 13

Malate to Oxaloacetate

Front 14

All Dehydrogenases produces ____

Back 14

NADH

Front 15

Sites of TCA cycle Regulation(3)

Back 15

Citrate Synthetase
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
α-ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase

Front 16

Citrate Synthetase Inhibited by

Back 16

ATP, NADH, Citrate

Front 17

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Inhibited by

Back 17

ATP, NADH

Front 18

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Activated by

Back 18

ADP

Front 19

α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Inhibited by

Back 19

ATP
NADH
Succinyl CoA

Front 20

α-ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Compound takes ______ and makes ____

Back 20

Takes: α-ketoglutarate, NAD+, Acetyl CoA

Makes:Succinyl CoA, NADH, CO2

Front 21

3 Subunits of the AKDC(Cofactors)

Back 21

α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase(TPP)
transsuccinylase(lipoamide)
Dihydrolipoyl Dehydrogenase(FAD)

Front 22

2 forms of Arsenic common in poisoning

Back 22

Aresnite(AsO2-)
Arsenate(HAsO42-)

Front 23

HAsO4 isoelectronic with____and competes with___

Back 23

HPO4-
Phosphate

Front 24

Bonding of ___ prevents reformation of lipoamide

Back 24

Arsenite

Front 25

Mesaprosol used to treat

Back 25

Human African Trypanosomiasis

Front 26

Oxidative Phosphorylation occurs in

Back 26

Inner membrane of mitochondria

Front 27

Inner Membrane of mitochondria made up of mostly

Back 27

proteins

Front 28

Outer membrane of mitochondria made up of mostly

Back 28

phospholipids

Front 29

PDC, most of TCA, and Beta-Oxidation contained in

Back 29

Mitochondrial Matrix

Front 30

Electron chain _____ the IMM

Back 30

polarizes

Front 31

4 protein Complexes of Electron Transport Chain(type)

Back 31

I. NADH-coenzyme Q(oxidoreductase)

II. Succinate-coenzyme Q(Oxidoreductase)

III.CoEnzyme Q-Cytochrome C(oxidoreductase)

IV. Cytochrome C Oxidase

Front 32

Complex I uses ____ to transfer electrons from ____.

Back 32

Uses: Ubiquinone
Electrons from: NADH

Front 33

Complex I first transfers electrons to

Back 33

FMN

Front 34

Complex III has ___ as a cofactor
Needs___ Cyt C per Hydroquinone

Back 34

Cofactor:Iron
2

Front 35

Complex IV has __ as a cofactor
Has to be run___times to make 2 molecules of water

Back 35

Cofactors: Fe, Cu
4

Front 36

Complex II has ___ as a cofactor
Does not act as___

Back 36

Cofactor:FAD
Does not act as proton pump

Front 37

Complex IV reduces ___ stepwise

Back 37

Reduces Oxygen

Front 38

_____found in mitochondrial space near complex IV

Back 38

Superoxide Dismutase

Front 39

Superoxide Dismutase

Back 39

destroys any reactive oxygen species

Front 40

2 Domains of ATP synthesis and their functions

Back 40

F0=cylinder with proton channel
F1=ATP production

Front 41

ATP transported from IMM to mitochondrial space by

Back 41

ADP-ATP translocase.

Front 42

Complex I Inhibitors

Back 42

Rotenone, Barbituates

Front 43

Rotenone used for

Back 43

head lice, scabies

Front 44

Complex III inhibitors

Back 44

Antimycin A

Front 45

Antimycin A used a

Back 45

topical fungicide, miticide, and insecticide

Front 46

Complex IV inhibitors

Back 46

Molecules that can compete with Oxygen for binding.
CO, CN-, N3-(high affinity for Iron III)

Front 47

2 pathways to transport NADH produced in Glycolysis

Back 47

Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle
Malate-Aspartate Shuttle

Front 48

___pathway loses energy when transporting NADH

Back 48

Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle

Front 49

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Back 49

Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate to Glycerol-3-Phosphate

Front 50

Glycerol-Phosphate Shuttle carries electrons to complex___

Back 50

II

Front 51

2 Enzymes involved in Malate-Aspartate Shuttle

Back 51

Malate Dehydrogenase
Aspartate Aminotransferase

Front 52

2 pathways to transport NADH produced in Glycolysis

Back 52

Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle
Malate-Aspartate Shuttle

Front 53

___pathway loses energy when transporting NADH

Back 53

Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle

Front 54

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Back 54

Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate to Glycerol-3-Phosphate

Front 55

Glycerol-Phosphate Shuttle carries electrons to complex___

Back 55

II

Front 56

2 Enzymes involved in Malate-Aspartate Shuttle

Back 56

Malate Dehydrogenase
Aspartate Aminotransferase

Front 57

2 Transporters used in Malate Aspartate Shuttle

Back 57

ASP/GLU transporter
AKG/Mal transporter

both found on inner mitochondrial membrane

Front 58

In malate-aspartate shuttle, NADH donates its electrons to

Back 58

Oxaloacetate

Front 59

Malate Dehydrogenase

Back 59

Oxaloacetate to Malate

Front 60

Aspartate Aminotransferase

Back 60

Oxaloacetate to Aspartate
Glutamate to alpha ketoglutarate

Front 61

AKG/Malate transporter

Back 61

brings malate into the matrix
exports alpha ketoglutarate into the IMS

Front 62

ASP/GLU transporter

Back 62

brings Glutamate into the matrix
exports Aspartate into IMS