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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What proportion of all injury related deaths are due to TBI? |
1/3 |
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What is often observed in kids with moderate to severe TBI? |
Reduced school readiness Delayed effects where academic achievement does not develop as fast as peers. |
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What is the difference of moderate and severe TBI on kids' cognitive functioning? |
Severe TBI leads to global cognitive changes and changes across domains. Moderate TBI leads to more selective impairments in memory, executive function, pragmatic language, and school readiness. |
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What is the effect of SES on deficits in pediatric TBI? |
Worsens or obscures deficits. |
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What are independent predictors of pediatric TBI outcome? |
1. Neuroimaging 2. GCS Score 3. Coma duration 4. Neuroimaging Abnormality |
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After how long to follow commands is a poor outcome predicted? |
Time to follow commands greater than 1 month is associated with poor outcome |
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What length of PTA indicates poor outcome? |
3 months |
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What two behaviors indicate emergence from a minimally conscious state? |
Functional communication Functional object use |
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What denotes movement from a vegetative state to a minimally conscious state? |
Movement to command Visual fixation, pursuit, localization Object recognition Localization to noxious stimuli Intelligible or intentional communication Automatic motor response |
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What is the Kennard Principle?
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Younger kids have more plastic brains and bounce back better than adults. Does not pan out in pediatric TBI |
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How does age effect severe TBI in kids? |
Younger kids with severe TBI tend to have worse neurobehavioral outcomes. Delayed consequences are seen at developmental milestones |
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How are The Brain Reserve and Cognitive Reserve Hypotheses different? |
Brain Reserve Hypothesis = Brain's susceptibility to injury based on prior neurological events or weakness Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis = Protective effects of high intelligence and education |
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What is Cerebral Perfusion Pressure, and how is it calculated? |
It is the measure of blood flow to the brain that determines cerebral damage CPP = Mean Systemic Arterial Pressure - ICP |
