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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Isoniazid (INH)
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-used for drug sensitive TB
-very selective for mycobacterium TB -used alone to PREVENT TB ***monthly liver function tests ***alcohol increases hepatotoxicity ***increased risk of Dilantin toxicity ***neuropathy with DM patients and alcoholics ***given on EMPTY stomach ***possible interaction with foods containing tyramine (alcohol, old or aged foods) |
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Isoniazid (INH) side effects
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-peripheral neuropathy
(numbness, tingling/burning pain, reversed by PYRIDOXINE) -hepatotoxicity (related to AGE) -optic neuritis -GI distress, dry mouth, urinary retention ***interacts with a wide variety of drugs |
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Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
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-used with INH in drug sensitive TB
-broad spectrum antibiotic --> gram-negative bacteria -taken on EMPTY stomach or parenterally -monitor liver function every 2-4 weeks -use with another TB drug to avoid resistance -turns body fluids RED-ORANGE ***interacts with many drugs increasing their metabolism |
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Rfampin (Rifadin, Rimactane) side effects
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-hepotoxicity
-turns body fluids red-orange -GI distress (anorexia, nausea, abdominal discomfort) -cutaneous reactions (flushing, itching) |
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Pyrazinamide (PZA)
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-bacteriocidal for mycobacterium TB
-monitor liver function tests every 2 weeks (elevated AST and ALT indicate liver damage) -Sx of hepatitis: malaise, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, yellowish discoloration (D/C if develops) -increased risk of liver damage when used with INH and Rifampin -can cause gout |
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Pyrazinamide (PZA) side effects
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-hepatotoxicity
-gout -arthralgia -nausea, vomiting, diarrhea -photosensitivity |
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Ethambutol (Myambutol)
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-effective against INH and Rifampin resistant TB
-ONLY active against mycobacterium TB -part of multi-drug regimen -monthly eye exams -report visual changes immediately and D/C -given ORALLY |
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Ethambutol (Myambutol) side effects
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-optic neuritis
-allergic reactions -confusion -gout |
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Aminoglycocides
*StreptomyCIN *KanamyCIN *AmikaCIN |
-second line drugs for TB
-bacteriocidal to mycobacterium TB -given IV or IM -monitor BUN and Creatinine -monitor peak and trough levels when IV -monitor hearing |
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Aminoglycocides
*StreptomyCIN *KanamyCIN *AmikaCIN side effects |
-nephrotoxicity
-ototoxicity |
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Para-Aminosalicylic Acid (PAS)
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-second line drug treatment for TB
-ONLY active against mycobacterium TB -used as a substitute for Ethambutol in children -poorly tolerated by adults -sodium loading may occur |
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Para-Aminosalicylic Acid (PAS) side effects
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-GI distress (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
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