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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which taste cells are the most abundant? |
Salty (type I) cells |
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What are the protusions on the tounge called? |
Papillae |
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Which type of papillae is NOT involved in taste? |
Filiform Papillae |
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Name Three other types of papillae invovled in taste |
Circumvallate, foliate, fungiform |
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What is Sweetness (2)? How is it detected? |
-Sugars: Sucrose, Glucose, Fructose, D-amino acids, Glycine -Receptors: T1R2+T1R3 proteins form a compex -G-coupled protein receptor -Signal transduction via cAMP -Type II receptor Cell
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What is Umami? How is it detected? |
-L-Glutamate: amino acids, glycine, AP4 -T1R1+ T1R3 proteins form a complex -G-coupled protein receptor -Signal transduction via cAMP -Type II receptor Cell |
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What is Sourness? How is it detected |
-Acidity -PKD2L1 protein involved(?), TRP channel + ENaC channel combined(?), ph-sensitive K+ channel(?) -Ionotropic receptor -Tends to be non-selective permeable to cations -Type III presynaptic cell |
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What is Bitterness? |
-Quinine, Cycloheximide, Salcin.... -T2R receptors, g-coupled proteins -Signal transduction via IP3 -Type II receptor Cell |
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What is Saltiness? How is it detected? |
-Sodium, -ENaC ionotropic receptor -Presence of NA+ opens Na+ channel leading to depolarisation of the cell! -Type I glial-like cell (maybe?) |
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Can we taste carbonation? How? |
Uses enzyme carbonic anhydrase 4 and sour receptors! |
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Humans have at least 24 alleles for WHICH taste, relating specifically to which chemical? |
Bitter: phenylthiocarbamide |
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Mechanism of action in type III cells (sourness) |
-So-called "presynaptic" cells -Organic Acids permeate the cell and acidify the cytoplasm -K-channel that is modulated by cytoplasimic -Form synaptic junctions with nerve terminals! |
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What do type I cells do? |
-Serves to eliminate K+ within the taste bud -"Glial" Function -May be implicated in salt taste transduction |
