Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
how does chloroquine work? things to know?
|
the parasite living in the RBC's degrades hemoglobin, releasing its food AND the breakdown product FERRITOPROTOPORPHYN IX, which normally pH-dependently breaks down. If it sticks around, it's toxic to the bug. Chloroquine gets pH trapped in the cell and stops this reaction. considered INHIBITING HEME POLYMERIZATION. goes in to the parasite's FOOD vacloule preferentially, making it able to get in really high concentrations only in those cells full of parasites. it UPS pH.
[blood schizonticide] [only works against non-falcipirum kind, or the falcipurms that are known to be sensitive]. [supra-theraputic doses are dangerous], cause retinopathy hpotension, confusion, heart problems. [do not use IV] [no use against the liver stage - so relapse in V/O not affected] |
|
|
what's good to know about primaquine?
|
works by two mechanisms, probably - reactive oxygen species and electron transport interference.
note that the ROS mean that [you need to evaluate patients for G-6-P deficiency before giving] otherwise they die of hemolytic anemia. [NO PREGNANCY USE] [good for liver stages of ALL malarias] [used during ACUTE vivax/ovale along with chloraquine] to stop potential for relapse and resistant strains from evolving. |
|
|
Pyrimethamine?
|
given with Sulfadoxine = FANSIDAR.
have a [synergistic effect] together. stop folic acid synthesis. NOT FIRST LINE - [used for simple chloroquine-resistant strains of FALCIPIRUM] if it's not already anti-folate resistant. [also given to travelers who can't get anything better if they get fevers] |
|
|
Quinine?
|
Quinine, and its isomer Quinidine - also affect heme polymerization (like chloroquine).
[used against P. falcipirum that is RESISTANT TO CHLOROQUINE] - not used for prophylaxis, as it has nasty side effects. [NO PREGNANCY] side effects: [cinchonism] = tinnitus, headache, nausea, dizziness, blurred vision, heart problems (conduction/long QT syndrome), arrhythmias. [DO NOT USE with someone who has been taking MEFLOQUINE] |
|
|
atovoquone
|
another alternative for chloroquine resistant P. falcipirum.
|
|
|
tetracycline?
|
doxycycline is used as PROPHYLAXIS for travelers going to places even with resistant P falcipirum.
|
|
|
Artemesians?
|
also good for P falcipirum, along with melfoquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine.
|
|
|
Mefloquine:
|
[DOC for prophylaxis against chloroquine resistant strains of P. falcipirum].
action is like chloroquine. REMEMBER NOT TO GIVE TO SOMEONE WHO IS ALSO TAKING QUININE. |
