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120 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
James I's relationship with Parliament
not a good one... the Scottish parliament was very different from the English one. The Scottish parliament did everything James wanted no questions asked; James was demanding and they didn't like that.
Rise of the gentry and house of commons
in parliament they wanted more power from the king and didn't do everything the king wanted
money problems of James
james I; parliament didn't want to give him money; favored advisors and gave his favorites money Ex-Bate's case
Bate's Case
James I-was a london merchang and custom's bill changed and he didn't want to pay it; TOOK KING TO COURT, judges biased 1605
Examples of money problems of James
The Great Contract (Cecil) never went into law but it said James would receive a subsidy each year in exchage for feudal rights
Tarrifs as Foreign Affairs: imposition of taxes on goods coming in and out of the contry which angered merchants
Religion during James I
James had a Calvinist, Presbyterian background. Church of Scotland. VIEWS HIMSELF AS A THEOLOGIAN didn't like presbyterianism because he wasn't the head of the church
Millenary Petition
1603=1000 signiatures of peasants advocating the destruction of popery; VERY puritan; advocating a greater reformation
1604 conference at Hampden Court
James liked being the head of the church; Presbytery=James rage. Commissed another bible=King James Version 1611
***Starts cracking down on Puritans after this; conference was called to talk about the petition; he doesn't want hierarchy changed--keep the bishops.
King James Bible
1611. Starts cracking down on puritanism after this
Puritanism and New World
Plymouth. To be a big player in the world, you need colonies.
Oath of Allegiance
Makes everyone swear an oath so the bishops lose their parishes in the major crackdown. "no kings no bishops? Late 1500s.
Gunpowder Plot
Guy Fawkes; Foxe was catholic, his group=angry about religious stuff. Gave letters to catholic members... Robert Catesby plotted to kill king and house of commons and install catholic govt. Prosecutor: Edward Coke; opposed King's Trew Lw.
NOV 5 1605
Robert Catesby
plotted to kill the king with Guy Fawkes, on Nov 5 1605
Edward Coke
prosecutor in Gunpowder plot; just vs. king in Trew law, king promotes him to king's bench so he doesn't have as much authority. 1616- some of James I's advisors removed him from office.

**LEFT PARLIAMENT TO BE THE ONLY PLACE TO RAISE QUESTIONS OF LAW
Act of Uniformity James I
if you don't attend church you will pay a fine but it's weird because his wife is catholic promised the catholics to not persecute them. early 1600s
Trew Law
kings should follow the law but they're not bound by it; James came up with it. Early 1600s.
God's Double Delieverance
gunpowder plot delievered James AND monarchy and Protestant church!!
30 Years War
with HRE (1618-48) and Palatinate (Germany in Bohemia). Begins with Catholic Habsburgs HRE vs. Protestant Fredierick of Palatinate. 1618 king of bohemia elects Fred V king of bohemia so Frederick has 2/7. Catholics=Catholic Union. English back Fred although its a lost cause... Frederick married James' daughter Elizabeth
Catholic Union
30 years war vs. Frederick and Bohemia run by Hapsburgs.
James' deal with Spanish Habsburgs
by Gondomar=Spanish ambassador under Philip II. Tries to marry his oldest son Charles I to Catholic Spanish Princess. Gave more $to Gondomar than Eliz. gave total. James wants to be PRINCE OF PEACE but his son in law fred=screwed. Marriage DIDN'T HAPPEN
1621 Parliament
wants to talk about economic problems and religion. Gave James two subsidies but wasn't enough to fight 30 years war (HRE vs. Fred)
Impeachment? Coke brings it up. Francis Bacon was impeached.
**Goring was under Buckingham and he brings up foreign policy and James HATES THIS--P overstepped their boundaries. Dissolved
House of Commons' Protestation
Coke is dismissed, king dissolves house of commons. James says you can't do foreign policy and they say NO we have ancient rights!!

**First time they resist James
James' Trew Law
divine right of kings
Wooing of Spanish infanta
Charles and Buckingham--hpeless romantic but Philip iii of spain doesn't want them to marry. James dies 1625
Parliament 1624
War with spain authorized by them; don't want the king to marry a catholic. Charles is 2nd son--first died.
Charles I years
1625-1649
Charles wife
henrietta maria FRENCH
Charles I's advisor
buckingham
tonnage and poundage
charles is AWFUL with money... 1st parliament dismissed because they will only grant him $ for 1 year.
Buckinghams' fiasco in war
Charles I-sails a fleet to Spain but he doesn't have money so its a disaster
Sir John Ellington
from friend to archfoe of king... Becomes a critic of king.

**Failed attempt to capture Caliz in Spain so he sees failure of the monarchy and Buckingham
Buckingham trying to get P dissolved because he controlls alot of monopolies?
forces charles to hold to Petition of Right and 2nd parliament dismissed under Charles
petition of right
chalres i- 1628 Parliament. Stipulations king MUST follow. habeus corpus, follow magna carta, no forced imprisonment, entry, taxes, loans etc. BY EDWARD COKE
1628 parliament
under charles i-petition of right
habeus corpus
magna carta
vs imprisonment and forced loans, taxation without parliaments' consent, vs forced entry etc.
1628 chalres
dissolved parliament, but now he needs money... people started refusing to pay. 26 from House were thrown into prison
5 knights case
1627 writ of habeus corpus; 5 nobility who refused to pay forced loans. Sue king and almost win... chief justice resigns
1st-3rd parliament dates
1621-economic problems and religion-Goring and impeachment and foreign policy
1624-war with spain no catholic marriage
1628-petition of right , sir john ellington, money problems
War with France
1624-1642: Cardinal Richealieu centralizes power in France; Charles sides with Huegenots (protestants) vs. Richealieu
Murder of Buckingham
1628. Charles turns to his wife for advice=more catholic.
Forest Law and Ship money
1628 charles needs money now... feudal laws
John Hampden
Ship Money Case- refused to pay. Chief justice resigns because he doesn't want to rule vs king. Says king should only use it if its an emergency--SHOULD CALL PARLIAMENT
parliament 1640
short parliament. leading=john pym; deals with scottish invasion. give king a list of grievances; charles needs money for scotland. pym=haven't been here for 10 years we have stuff to say.
Scottish invasion!!!!!!!!
under Charles I... triggered by religious problems. James but in bishops?! Gave them book of common prayer. Armenianism; Jenny Geddes=National Covenant.
King sends WENTWORTH from Ireland to deal with Scottish
Arminianism
scotland-high anglicanism; archbishop laud. salvation by faith along; close to calvinism. revolt in 1640s = covenanters
Archbishop Laud
1633-1645 opposed radical puritanism; long parliament =treason and beheads him. Leads to civil war.
Jenny Geddes
Scottish woman who throws a chair in church and starts scottish riot--bishops make her angry
National Covenant
Scots are angry the english... support their king but NOT his religion. Covenanters support parliament because they want them to clamp down on armenianism and catholicism. Declaration and oath tha twe are for presbyterianism and king

1638
will give their lives for the king and presbyterianism... but not his evil advisors. Charles has to compromise because they have a HUGE army
who does the king send to scotland in 1640?
thomas wentworth (earl of strafford)
long parliament 20 years
1640-60. Pym tells king they'll raise money and troops if he will let them run militia. Want Laud dead; hate strafford-kill him over treason.
parliaments under charles 2
1621-economic problems and religion, Goring, impeachment, foreign policy
1624-war with spain no catholic wife
1628-sir john ellington, petition of right, Charles' money problems
1640- short parliament. pym=grievances, scottish invasion, need money
1640-1660=long parliament-pym. will raise money if they can control troops=civil war
Civil war theories
royalists vs parliamentarians causes:
Traditionalist: james and charles encroached on liberties of subjects (Whig history stephen gardiner) its all the monarch's fault
2. wallace notestein-says house of commons was becoming more self-aware and they had more and more power over king and they're more educated. Parliament WANTED to rule so conflict=happen.
Conrad Russell: Patronage and revisionist view. All had patrons in house of lords... mobilizing vs. Buckingham. Fehler doesn't like this. Buckingham dies in 1629
Civil War important events
Battle at Marston Moor, Battle of Naseby, Pride's Purge, smashed ireland and scots with new model army
Oliver Cromwell
1599-1658, lord protector of england
Charles executed in
January 1649
Levellers
political movement emphacizing popular soveriengty, quality for law and religious tolerance in manifesto. Largest faction of Parliamentarians.
Irish Revolt
1641 for independence when wentworth/strafford leaves
Solemn League and Covenant-
john pym with scotland 1643. brought them into the war on roundhead's side if England pays for military and if they reform scottish church
Essex, cromwell
main army commander of Parliamentarians
putney debates
series of discussions between New Model army levellers--concerning makeup of new constitution for england. 1647
=ARMY RADICALISM
battle of naseby
1645 prince rupert vs cromwell, both full armies come together and royalists could've won but they were destroyed. Surrender of CHARLES!!!
Westminster Confession
?
Charles' final surprise attack
1648 preston??
Prides' purge and rump parliament
1648
Clerendon Codes
Charles II--series of laws that cracks down on puritans; ended any hope for anglicans and non-conformists working together
War ends in....
1546!!!!!
Interregnum dates and Commonwealth dates
1649-1660; 1649-53
Interregnum foreign policy
Ireland (Drogheda)=massacre under Cromwell, Scotland, Dutch War, corruption and no reform at home: Rumb dissolves
Nominated Parliament
under interregnum; 1653: praise-God barebones parliament. indepeents nominate people from congregation
Ireland (Drogheda)
massacre under Cromwell
Eikon Basilike
published right after Charles dies--portraiture of king in his solitude and sufferings
whigs vs. tories
Under Charles II

pro-parliament, anti-monarchy, will of the people, etc. John Locke. Support William being king = whigs

tories=pro-king and conservative support Mary being Queen. First two political parties. Thomas Hobbes=absolute monarchy (Leviathan) Catholic
Mary of Modena
under James II, is his Catholic wife. Has James-Edward and the godfather is the pope; messes up protestant plans.
Interregnum wars
Dutch war (netherlands) ireland and scotland, corruption and no reform at home: Rump dissolved, Nominated Parliament (Bare Bones)
Protectorate
1653-58; Lord Protector Cromwell.
Cromwell dies, Rump comes back.
Long Parliament comes back in 1660 and dissolves itself.
Convention Parliament=decide Restoration
Convention Parliament
1660 decide Restoration under Protectorate
declaration of indulgences 1687
James II isn't purging protestants from office but all of his appointments are Catholics
Significance of Interregnum
religion: permanent outcast of protestant faith: non conformity
government: execution of king for exceeding authority. Parliament ruled without monarch
Intellectual: freedom of press 20000 pamphlets printed, ex-john milton Areopagitica Freedom of Conscience
"world TUrned Upside Down"
toleration act
granted toleration to all forms of protestants but doesn't extend to CATHOLICISM. Under William and Mary--beginning of democracy
Charles II years
1660-85
James II years
1685-88
William and Mary years
1689-1702
exile on continent of charles II
with cousin Louis XIV
last great visitation of plague under...
charles II and great fire of london 1666
Clarendon Code REAL
Corporation Act, Act of Uniformity, Conventicle Act, Five MIle Act
All fill holes of previous laws
under charles II
Treaty of Dover
1670; secret clause with Louis XIV; he rents english navy and pays charles a subsidy and says he will convert to catholicism
Declaration of Indulgences
1672. Setting aside elements of Clarendon code because it affected to many people. Parliament not happy because they're not in session. Makes king revoke this.
Test Act
1673. Parliament made to take test act to hold office--must take communion at Anglican Church and not believe in transubstantiation. charles 11
Exclusion Crisis
under charles II, parliament tries to keep james II from throne but Charles keeps dissolving them. Tories don't like this.
Whig leader
Anthony Cooper Shaftesbury
2nd treatise on government
1679 under charles II; John Locke. wasn't published until 1690. seen as justification to put W&M on throne. Written in midst of exclusion crisis.Government has a responsitility to look out for the people.
Titus Oates and Popish PLot
Oates converted to Catholicism and then from it; claim there's a catholic conspiracy to kill the king. Considered a great liar in history but gets parliamentary support=laundry list of people and they're executed.
Mid 1680s= Whigs fall into disrepute because they've gone along with this.
James II
catholic; two kids=Mary and Anne adn they're protestants. Mary=William of Orange.
Tories=nonresistance to God's will for succession
Revocation of Edict of Nantes
1685 by Louis XIV's crackdown on Protestants in France

Edict is in 1598 granted Calvinist Protestants of France (Huegenots) offered freedom of conscience and religion and TOLERANCE
Beleagured Isle
the whole world is vs England; James I
Who asks William and Mary to come?
TORIES
Declaration of Indulgences
1672. Setting aside elements of Clarendon code because it affected to many people. Parliament not happy because they're not in session. Makes king revoke this.
Test Act
1673. Parliament made to take test act to hold office--must take communion at Anglican Church and not believe in transubstantiation. charles 11
Exclusion Crisis
under charles II, parliament tries to keep james II from throne but Charles keeps dissolving them. Tories don't like this.
Whig leader
Anthony Cooper Shaftesbury
2nd treatise on government
1679 under charles II; John Locke. wasn't published until 1690. seen as justification to put W&M on throne. Written in midst of exclusion crisis.
Titus Oates and Popish PLot
Oates converted to Catholicism and then from it; claim there's a catholic conspiracy to kill the king. Considered a great liar in history but gets parliamentary support=laundry list of people and they're executed.
Mid 1680s= Whigs fall into disrepute because they've gone along with this.
James II
catholic; two kids=Mary and Anne adn they're protestants. Mary=William of Orange.
Tories=nonresistance to God's will for succession
Revocation of Edict of Nantes
1685 by Louis XIV's crackdown on Protestants in France

Edict is in 1598 granted Calvinist Protestants of France (Huegenots) offered freedom of conscience and religion and TOLERANCE
Beleagured Isle
the whole world is vs England; James I
Who asks William and Mary to come?
TORIES
Monmouth Rebellion
1685. no public support. anti-catholic sentiment; James didn't realize this.
Protestants are fleeing France to England and telling of evils of Catholicism
1687 James
sets aside Test Act and announces Act/Declaration of Indulgences for two Sundays in a row. sends 7 bishops to Tower because they publish libel.

James II is appointing Cathlolics to government and navy; not purging catholics but
Who are the Whigs?
under James II, they're protestant, tories and catholics.
Glorious/Bloodless Revolution
1689-1702=William and Mary
William and Mary years
1689-1702
W&M first parliament
puts forward Bill of Rights=Parliament free speech, free press, power of the purse, right to bear arms, catholics can't be monarchs, excluded if marry a catholic.

**Places monarchy UNDER Parliament!!
1. Toleration Act
2. Triennial Act
3. Bill of Rights
Toleration Act
under W&M, grants toleration to all non-conforming parliament and monarchs are now officially subject to rule of law and so a limited monarchy
Triennial Act
under W&M, 1698 parliament has to meet at least once every 3 years
Wars of W&M
Netherlands, Louis XIV (France), and War of the League of Augsburg
Ireland: Battle of Boyne 1690
Act of Settlement
1701. After W&M, succession= Anne and then HANOVERIAN LINE!! (Going back to James I line)

also, INDEPENDANT JUDICIARY, lifetime term for judges, makes monarchy MORE limited, examined with "enlightened French eyes" and it's seen as BEST gov't.
11 years of tyranny
after 2nd parliament in Charles I and then the long parliament comes after that. Right before 1640. CAUSES: they're mad because he didn't follow petition of rights--collect tonnage and poundage. Gets mad, has Elliot arrested and dissolves Parliament. Collects SHip money, etc.
IRELAND 16th and 17th century
1541- Henry is King of Ireland
1579-1603= rebellion by Hugh O'Neill, Deveraux and Blount
Ulster Plantations
Oliver Cromwell
Clarendon Code Acts
leftist extremists-4 acts. We hate radical puritans.