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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is the volume of the body calculated?
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Using a tracer.
Quantity of tracer/[tracer] |
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What are some tracers that are used to estimate total body water?
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D2O
THO |
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100 g of heavy water (D2O) is administered to a 60 kg subject. After 2 hours, the blood concentration is 0.003 g/ml plasma D2O and the loss from the body (urine, sweat, etc.) is 0.3 g.
Calculate the volume and TBW water. |
33.23 kg H2O
55.4% TBW |
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How do you measure blood volume?
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Volume = plasma volume/(1-hct)
Plasma measured with Evans blue |
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What fraction of the total body weight is fast ECF?
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16.5%
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What fraction of ht total body weight is total ECF?
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27%
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How do you measure the interstitial space?
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Must use two markers: ECF marker and plasma marker.
ECF-plasma = interstitial fluid |
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What is the difference between fast and slow ECF?
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Slow includes dense connective tissue, bone, joint and intraocular cavities, cerebral ventricles.
Fast (proper) is only readily accessible spaces and lymph. |
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Which body fluid volume cannot be measured directly, but instead must be calculated using two markers?
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Interstitial volume
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Which ECF marker would be used to calculate an interstitial volume proper?
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Fast ECF
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Is most of the bodies water intercellular or extracellular?
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intercellular (30-40%)
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What is the range for normal total body water?
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50-70%
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What is the 20/40/60 rule?
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20% of the water is outside the cell
40% of the water is inside the cell Making 60% total water by weight |
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At what age is the total body water the greatest?
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0-1 month
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At what age is the total body water the least?
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Over 60
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Adipose is what % water?
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10%
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What tissue in the body hold the majority of the bodies water?
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Muscle
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What tissue hold the least water?
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adipose
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What tissue has the high composition of water?
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Blood
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What makes up lean body weight?
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73% water
27% solid |
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What % body fat is classified as obese?
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Women: >32%
Men: >25% |
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What is the normal range for plasma osmolality?
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280-295 mOsm/L H2O
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What compounds for the majority of the anion charges in the intracellular fluid?
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Organic phosphates and acids
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Why is the osmolality of plasma higher than intercellular fluid? What is the result?
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presence of impermeable proteins
Greater osmotic pressure on the capillary side |
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What mechanism maintains the intracellular and interstitial fluid osmolality as equal?
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Na/K pump: This equilibrium requires energy
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