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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Anandamide? Components?
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N-arachidonylethanolamine
-Ethanolamine -Arachidonic acid linked by an amide bond |
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Where is Anandamide found?
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-Throughout the brain
-Striatum, limbic cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum. |
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What is Anandamide's receptor?
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The same one activated by THC tetrahydrocannabinol
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What is THC?
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The active ingredient in marijuana
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How does Anandamide function?
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It MODULATES many systems/NTs:
-Behavioral motivations -Mood -Anxiety -BP, cerebral blood flow |
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How is Anandamide made?
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On DEMAND - simultaneous with release; by a 2-enzyme cascade.
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What is the precursor of anandamide?
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NAPE - n-arachidonylphosphatidyl ethanolamine
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What are the enzymes that make anandamide?
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1. Transacylase - makes the lipid precursor.
2. Phospholipase D - takes phosphatidate off Anandamide. |
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What is the principal regulatory mechanism for Anandamide synthesis?
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Regulation of intracellular calcium - it is required in high amounts for NAPE synthesis.
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When is Calcium high enough for anandamide synthesis?
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During neuronal activity
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So what induces Anandamide synthesis?
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Neuronal activity!
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How is Anandamide released?
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Probably via diffusion through the membrane, may have a carrier protein.
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What is Anandamide inactivated by?
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FAAH - fatty acid amide hydrolase
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What are the products of FAAH?
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-Ethanolamine
-Arachidonic acid |
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What regulates FAAH? Where is it located?
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Unregulated - intracellular.
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What are the 2 mechanisms of Anandamide inactivation?
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1. Enzymatic (FAAH)
2. Reuptake carrier |
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What is the reuptake carrier for anandamide?
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A passive transporter that cannot move it up its concentration gradient
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What reduces the intracellular Anandamide concentration so reuptake could occur?
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FAAH
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What is the receptor for Anandamide? What kind of receptor is it?
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CB1 - Cannabinoid receptor
G-protein coupled |
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Where is the CB1 receptor found?
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Almost always presynaptic
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What is the function of CB1?
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Inhibits opening of voltage operated calcium channels - inhibits NT release
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What is the action of Anandimide called?
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Retrograde inhibition
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Why is Anandamide a retrograde inhibitor?
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B/c its synthesis/release is induced by Calcium/neuron activity, and its action is to prevent opening of voltage-gated Ca channels - hence inhibits NT release.
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What are 3 conditions in which Anandamide activity is increased?
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1. Stroke
2. Seizures 3. Brain trauma |
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What is a CB1 receptor blocker?
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Rimonabant
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What is the affect of Rimonabant?
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Appetite suppresant
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What does inhibiting FAAH in mice do?
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Acts as an anti-anxiety
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