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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the 5 mechanisms for diarrhea.
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1. maldigestion/malabsorption
2. hypersecretion 3. Increased permeability 4. Inflammation 5. Altered motility |
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What percentage dehydration causes death?
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30%
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Which enteric pathogen affects pigs from 1-7 days?
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Clostridium dificile
Clostridium enterotoxemia (1-3) Clostridium perfringens Type A Neonatal colibacillosis (1-4) Strongyloides ransomi (3-4) TGE (all ages) |
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Which enteric pathogen affects pigs on day 5-11?
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Coccidiosis
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Which enteric pathogen affects pigs day 12 to weaning?
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milk scours
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List the 3 post-weaning/nursery diarrhea causes and ages.
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Post-weaning E.coli (1-2 weeks PW)
Rotavirus (day 10 to PW) TGE (all ages) |
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List the causes/ages of diarrhea in growing and finishing pigs.
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Gastric ulcers (3-6 months)
Hemorrhagic bowel syndrome(4m-adult) Porcine intestinal spirochetosis Porcine proliferative ileitis Salmonellosis Swine dysentery TGE whipworms |
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Enteric colibacillosis 3 toxins
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STa= stimulates cGMP, heat stable
STb= stimulates cAMP, heat stable LT= stimulates cAMP, heat labile |
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Enteric colibacillosis method of transmission.
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fecal-oral transmission
affects 1-4 day old pigs |
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Enteric colibacillosis clinical signs
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brown, yellow to white watery diarrhea
poor growth of affected pigs, weight loss alkaline pH of feces |
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Enteric colibacillosis. Gross lesions.
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Dilated stomach with undigested milk curd.
Full lacteals (indicating inability to digest and absorb fat from milk) |
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Enteric colibacillosis. Histopathology.
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*Villous atrophy and/or villous fusion
large concentration of gram-negative rods adjacent to microvilli |
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Enteric colibacillosis. Diagnosis.
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*Ligated sections of jejunum for culture, also mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen
*PCR to detect/identify toxins alkaline fecal pH (due to stimulation of HCO3 secretion) serotyping of isolates by PCR |
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Enteric colibacillosis. Treatment.
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Ampicillin (Polyflex)-extralabel
Ceftiofur (Excede)- extralabel Gentamicin sulfate (<3 days old) Oxytetracycline-last choice Spectinomycin-oral |
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Enteric colibacillosis. Prevention.
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Through cleaning and disinfection of farrowing house
maintain warm, draft-free environment for pigs Vaccinate sows to stimulate colostral antibodies |
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Describe Hypersecretion of diarrhea.
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E.coli attach to enterocytes--> production of ST and/or LT--> production of cAMP and cGMP--> CL excreted to intestinal lumen--> HCO3 excreted to intestinal lumen --> Na absorption inhibited
also PG synthesis due to induction of inflammation from enterotoxin binding |
