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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Monroe doctrine
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1823 - spain was losing colonies in south america, -which made it easier for the U.S to trade with the south american colonies.
U.S feared the involvement of European countries, but the U.S had Britain help U.S put out the monroe doctrine which says "there would be no more colonization in the western hemisphere and it closed the western hemisphere off to anyone not already in the western hemisphere. |
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Missouri compromise
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was written by Henry clay in 1820- the north and south wanted an equal amount of power in the senate for both the north and south.
missouri wanted to enter into the union as a slave state but the north wanted to put a condition saying that no new slaves could be brought into missouri. and if a person was born a slave they had to be set free at the age of 25 the south didnt like conditions so Henry clay drew up the compromise that dealt with the issue of slavery being moral, distribution of political power, and if the government could put conditions on states. the compromise says " Missouri enters the union as a slave state with no conditions Maine is split off from Massachusetts and entered the union as a free state" as well as creating the 36/30 line which states no slaves north of the 36/30 line |
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election of 1844
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Henry Clay V James k Polk~ clay was against expansionism and Polk was for expansionism
Polk won the election he decided to annex Texas and set the Oregon boundary at the 49th parallel which is the border between the u.s and Canada. polk wanted California so he could get San Francisco because of the trade possibilities with Asia |
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Mexican~ American war
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when America began to annex Texas Mexico cut off all diplomatic contact between them and America
the U.S tried to buy the rio grande and enough of California to get San Francisco. the U.S sent an army to the nueces river mexico sent theirs to the rio grande when negotiations fell through between the two and a war broke out treaty of Guadeloupe hidalgo was signed in 1848 to end the war the U.S paid 15 million for the land to the Rio grande and California |
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nat turners rebellion
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1831~ slave revolt in virginia killed 60 white people
whites took revenge killed 400-500 blacks Nat turner executed for rebellion this was the last open debate on slavery in the south Virgina was left to decide if they wanted slavery or not Thomas Jefferson Randolph came up with plan for gradual emancipation the law narrowly failed pro slavery won slavery is no longer necessary evil but a positive good |
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William Loyd garrison
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most famous radical abolitionist
owned a paper in Boston called the liberator in 1831 wanted immediate destruction of slavery by any means burned copies of the constitution created anti slavery society in 1833 |
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Wilmot Proviso
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David Wilmot wrote Wilmot Proviso in 1846
Said any territory gained from mexico should be free did not pass in senate, but passed in house North saw as good for anti-slavery south saw as an insult, started conflict between the North and South North thought congress could and should have control over anything in the new territories Southern stand was compact theory- John C. Calhoun Wanted extension of 36,30 line to compromise and avoid moral issue of slavery. Also wanted popular sovereignty |
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Crisis of 1850
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Gold rush in 1849 caused many people to move west to new territories, New mexico and texas couldn't agree on border because new mexico was free territory
South wanted stronger fugitive slave law Slavery is allowed in Washington D.C. or not |
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Compromise of 1850
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Henry Clay didn't want country to split
1 california in as free state 2. new mexico will be split into two parts, Utah and New mexico and come in as territories people assumed slaves were allowed there 4. Instituted stronger and more severe fugitive slave law 5. slave trade abolished in washington D.C. put issue of slavery off just a little longer |
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Kansas-Nebraska Act
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Wrote in 1854, destroyed all feelings of reconciliation starting the split of the country and civil war
Wrote by Stephen A. Douglas, put the rest of louisiana purchase into territories above the 36,30 line, onced a state they could vote on slavery or not ended up as voting for slaqvery or not in territorial government, repealed missouri compromise split kansa into kansas and nebraska it split the whig party into two, Northern whigs against slavery, Southern Whigs for slavery |
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Stephen A. Douglas
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senator from illinois
called "Little Giant" was against slavery never took an open moral stand on it positive on popular sovereignty , transcontinental railroad and hoped to preserve union |
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Bleeding Kansas
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1854-1856 People for anti-slavery and for pro-slavery started to move into kansas to be able to vote for it to be a slave state and others to vote for it to be a free state, they began killing each other over it
Henry Ward Beecher sent people there with Bibles and Beecher's Bibles ( .50 caliber rifles) slavery won in kansas John Brown attacked pro-slavery people killed them in southern kansas he gets attacked and moved back to kansas |
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Dredd Scott Decision
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1857
Dredd Scott slave in 1830's owned by army doctor who sometimes would be stationed in the north His owner died and was left to his family Scott sued his neew owners with their permission stating he had been in north and lived there so he should be free- testing constitutionality of slavery Roger B. taney chief justice, mostly southerners on supreme court Rule scott was not free and missouri compromise was unconstitutional because U.S. is supposed to protect your property and slaves are property made tension between north and south worse. |
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Election of 1860
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Nrothern Democratic Party- Stephen A Douglas
Southern Democratic Party- John C. Breckinridge Constitutional Union Party- John Bell Republican Party- Abe LIncoln since democrats split almost guaranteed republican win Douglas tried to preserve union by saying even if he lost urging the south to not secede Lincoln won every free state South said they would secede if lincoln won |
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Fort Sumter
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April 1861, Charleston, South Carolina
first official action of civil war Confederates surrounded fort to cut off supplies, Lincoln sent a supply boat and told South Carolina he was doing it so the decision for war was in their hands S.C.attacked the boat and Lincoln says they started the war Anderson, Major in U.S. army professor at west point Beauregard was Anderson's best student he is laying siege to the fort on April 14th 1861 beauregard opened fire on fort only casualty is one horse and South took the fort this caused lincoln to ask for more volunteers for the war, Virginia, North Carolina, tenessee and arkansas all seceded, also created west virgina because western counties of virginia stayed in union |
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First Bull Run/ Manassas
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July 21, 1861 First major land battle of the war
McDowell union leader Beauregard and Johnston confederate leaders Confederate and Union expect a very short war, people come to watch this battle Mcdowell and Johnston both have same plan, fake left go right, so who executes worst will win battle McDowell crushed Confederates at first but too tired to chase after them Confederates retreat and stonewall jackson rallies them and they get reinforcements and push union back, confederates too tired to go after them Union lost 3000 men, Confederates lost 2000 Beauregard promoted to General McDowell switched out with McClellan Took place in wilmer Mclean's yard and he moved his family to appomatox Courth house |
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Battle of Antietam/Sharpsburg
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September 17, 1862
First battle on Union soil Union generals- Burnside, Hooker, and McClellan Confederate Generals- Lee, Stonewall Jackson, Longstreet Union 90,000 men Confederates 45,000 men Union starts chasing lee while he is looking for supplies, Lee left his battle plans and union found it, but McClellan did nothing about it The battle took place in 3 places, Cornfield, Sunken Road, and The Bridge The battles went in order of time starting when the other ended Cornfield started at dawn, Hooker fired canons at confederates an hour later jackson reinforced the confederates and pushed the union back The sunken road is where reinforcements for the cornfield met and began to fight Union tried to assault the confederates 13 times and failed, on the 14th time they broke through and confederates run, but union soldiers to tired to chase The bridge union crossed the bridge and pushed the confederates back to sharpsburg confederate reinforcements pushed the union back no ground gain |
