Surgery

Front 1

Dandy-Walker malformation

Back 1

Luschka, Magendie孔狹窄

Front 2

Astrocytoma
(M:F=2:1, Age: 40-60y/o)

Back 2

Gr.I: pilocytic astrocytoma
Gr.II: diffuse astrocytoma
Gr.III: anaplatic astrocytoma
Gr.IV: Gioblastoma, GBM

Front 3

Parinaud's syndrome

Back 3

Pineal region tumor compression of tectum
Setting-sun eyes
Convergence-Retraction nystagmus

Front 4

Foster Kennedy syndrome

Back 4

Meningioma compress near sphenoid bone
同側視神經退化
對側視乳突水腫 (IICP)

Front 5

Von Hippel–Lindau disease

Back 5

Hemangioblastomas
Pheochromocytoma
Renal cell carcinoma
Pancreatic cysts
Café au lait spots

Front 6

Graft healing-Take

Back 6

Plasmatic imbibitions
Inosculation and capillary in growth
Revascularization

Front 7

Muscle flap types

Back 7

I:Tensor fascia lata (single)
II:Gracilis (Main+branch->all)
III:Gluteus maximus (Two main)
IV:Sartoruis,EDL, EHL (Multiple)
V:Latissimus dorsi (Main-->all, branch)

Front 8

Syndactyly

Back 8

Poland syndrome
Apert syndrome

Front 9

Submuscular aponeurotic system
(SMAS)

Back 9

Cover on frontalis, orbicularis couli, zygomaticus major and minor, platysma

Front 10

Virchow's tirad

Back 10

Stasis
Hypercoagulability
Vein wall injury

Front 11

Homan's sign

Back 11

腳掌dorsiflexion-->pain

Front 12

Fontaine stage (PAOD)

Back 12

I: no symptoms,ABI<0.9
II: intermitent claudication
III: resting pain
IV: Skin ulcer, gangrene, necrosis

Front 13

Buerger's disease

Back 13

Smoking-->血栓靜脈炎
40-50 y/o 好發

Front 14

Takayasu's arteritis

Back 14

Young Female
Aorta arch/ brach, pulmonary ateritis
Large vessel granulomatous vasculitis

Front 15

Eisenmenger syndrome

Back 15

Chronic VSD-->PVR↑ result
L't to R't shunt shift to R't to L't shunt
Tetralogy of Fallot

Front 16

Jatene procedure

Back 16

Correct dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA)
Arterial switch

Front 17

Norwood procedure

Back 17

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS, Aorta撐大,接RV)
B-T shunt (subclavian a.)
Fontan operation

Front 18

Blalock–Taussig shunt (B-T shunt)

Back 18

用 subclavian a. or carotid a.分流 pulmonary a. 以減少肺動脈高壓

Front 19

Fontan operation

Back 19

Treatment for tricuspid atresia
(實則為單一心室)
-用PA 接 RA
1->IVC-->RA-->lung
2->SVC-->RA-->RV-->systemic

Front 20

Rastelli operation

Back 20

Treatment for truncus arteriosus
-Common arterial trunk
-修補VSD,拉一人工血管連接PA與RV

Front 21

Pancoast's syndrome

Back 21

-Compression of a brachiocephalic v., subclavian a., phrenic n., recurrent laryngeal n., vagus n.
-Horner's syndrome: sympathetic ganglion

Front 22

Horner's syndrome

Back 22

Miosis: ipsilateral
Anhydrosis: ipsilateral
Ptosis: ipsilateral

Front 23

Lambert-Eaton syndrome

Back 23

Paraneoplastic syndrome
Small cell lung cancer
Autoimmune-->NMJ Ca2+ channel

Front 24

Boerhaave's syndrome

Back 24

Esophageal perforation--> mediastinitis

Front 25

Good's syndrome

Back 25

Thymoma
Hypogammaglobulinemia
Combined immunodeficiency

Front 26

Axillary node

Back 26

Level I(low):胸小肌外側
Level II(Med.):胸小肌深部
Level III(high):胸小肌內側
supraclavicular node: postive=N3

Front 27

lymph node's name

Back 27

Virchow's node: L't supraclavicular
Rotter's node: 胸大與胸小肌間
Irish's node:L't axillary

Front 28

Granulation contraction

Back 28

Collagen type III (day1-2)
Collagen type I (day 4)
Myofibroblast (contraction)
*Collagen type II (cartilage)

Front 29

Absorbable suture

Back 29

lasting: PDS>Dexon>*Vicryl>catgut
* 多股，其餘為單股，catgut為天然

Front 30

Dieulafoy's ulcer

Back 30

vascular malformation (artery)
-點狀胃黏膜缺損，bleeding
-好發賁門，acute bleeding

Front 31

Sugiura procedure (現在幾乎不做)

Back 31

Left lateral thoracotomy
Gastric, Esophageal devascularization
Selective vagotomy
Pyloroplasty, Splenectomy

Front 32

Gastric outlet obstruction

Back 32

DU作Antrectomy後，作vagotomy+B-I
胃癌次全切除後，作 B-II
胃癌全切除後，作Roux-en-Y
近肝門膽管癌切除後，作Roux-en-Y

Front 33

Gastric adenocarcinoma (1)

Back 33

Blumer's shelf-Douglas pouch met.
Virchow's node- L't supraclavicular LAP
Krukenerg's tumor- ovarian met.
Irish's node- L't axillary LAP

Front 34

Gastric adenocarcinoma (2)

Back 34

Intestinal type-p53,p16不活化
-intestinal metaplasia, atrophic gastritis
-老年人 (東方)
Diffuse type (西方多), Mixed type

Front 35

Dumping syndrome- after meal

Back 35

Early <15 mins- serotonin neurotensin secretion, enteroglucagon, high osmolarity
Late >1~3 hrs- insulin hypersecretion

Front 36

Blind loop syndrome

Back 36

GI obstruction 細菌孳生、吸收不良
Abdominal pain, weight loss
Vit B12 difficiency, megaloblastic anemia

Front 37

Kasabach-Merritt syndrome

Back 37

liver hemangioma + thrombocytopenia
好發小孩

Front 38

Pyogenic liver abscess
Second common, E. coli, KP
fever, 寒顫, 黃疸, RUQ pain, sepsis

Back 38

Parasitic (amebic) LA
most common, Entamoeba histolytica
症狀少寒顫與黃疸

Front 39

Pringle maneuver

Back 39

切肝為使出血量最小所以夾-
hepatoduodenal ligament=hepatic a.+portal v.+common bile duct

Front 40

Klatskin tumor-perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Back 40

佔膽管癌60-80%
另intraheptic, extrahepatic各佔10%
Courvoisier's sign:無痛性腫大膽囊
HCC合併比率高

Front 41

Choledochal cysts-Todani classification

Back 41

I: most common (80-90%)
CBD(+), IHD (-)
IV: intrahepatic
V: Caroli's disease, IHD only

Front 42

Whipple's triad-insulinoma (MEN I)

Back 42

-Hypoglycemia symptoms
-Glu <50 mg/dL
-IV glucose可緩解症狀

Front 43

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (Gastrinoma)

Back 43

Gastrin >100 pg/ml
Gastrinoma triangle 90%
45-60% duodenum, 25% pancrea

Front 44

Adrenal cortex-GFR=MCA

Back 44

Glomerulosa-Mineralocorticoid
Fasciculata-Cortisol
Reticularis-Androgen

Front 45

MEN I (3P, 11q13 MENIN gene)
Parathyroid hyperplasia
Pancreatic islet-cell tumor
Pituitary adenoma

Back 45

MEN II (10q, RET proto-oncogene)
Medullary thyroid ca+Pheochromocytoma
IIA: MP+P=parathyorid hyperplasia
IIB: MP+M=mucosal neuroma