Support And Movement

Front 1

Do protoctists Have muscle

Back 1

True ( non striated)

Front 2

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Back 2

Smooth muscle

Skeletal and smooth,cardiac 💪

Front 3

Arthropods have muscle?

Back 3

Striated muscles

Front 4

Heart beat initiated by

Back 4

San or pacemaker

Front 5

Is heart some what independent of nervous system

Back 5

Yes because of its pace making property for its contraction

*autonomic nervous system can only modify rate of pace maker

Front 6

Cardiac muscle

Back 6

*involuntary

*Striated

*uni or by nucleated

Front 7

Simple muscle

Back 7

* smooth muscle

Involuntary

Uni nucleated

Contoll by autonomic system

Front 8

Smooth 💪 found in

Back 8

Digestive track

Bladder blood vessel eye

State of erection of hair of skin

Front 9

Back 9

*

Front 10

Skeletal muscle

Back 10

Voluntary

Striated

Attachment to stationary part origin

Attachment to movable part insertion

Front 11

Tendon

Back 11

Non elastic tissue which connects muscle to the bones causing it to move

Front 12

Muscle structure

Back 12

Muscle fibre ➡ myofibril ➡ sarcomere ➡ micro filaments

Front 13

Sarcomer separated by

Back 13

Zline

Front 14

Thin filaments posses

Back 14

Actin

Topanin

Tropomysin

Front 15

Thick filaments

Back 15

Myosin have cross bridges

Front 16

I band

Back 16

Only have thin filaments and is light located at edges

Front 17

Aband

Back 17

Both thick and thin filaments between h zone and I band and is darker

Front 18

Hzone

Back 18

Only thick filaments

Front 19

Sliding filament theory by

Back 19

Huxley

Front 20

Fully contraced sarcomere

Back 20

35% of its length

Front 21

How can a muscle contract greater

Back 21

The more motor units contract the greater the contraction

Front 22

Human eye muscles contract

Back 22

0.01 seconds

Front 23

Muscle contraction depends upon

Back 23

Nerve impulse , energy, calcium ions

Front 24

Energy is stored in the muscles in the form of

Back 24

Glycogen

Front 25

What is creatine phosphate

Back 25

Serve as muscle reserve of high energy phosphate continuously replenishing the ATP consumed during muscular activity

Front 26

Role of calcium ions

Back 26

Stored in sarcoplasmic reticulum when nerve impulse reaches the earth plate acetylcholine is released so calcium ions also released from cytoplasm to the muscles where they bind with troponin and tropomyosin detaches from actin and myosin attaches to it

Front 27

Glucose breakdown by

Back 27

Respiration and fermentation

Front 28

Oxygen debt

Back 28

The amount of oxygen need to remove lactic acid from the tired muscle is call oxygen Dept the more lactic acid present the greater is Oxygen Dept

Front 29

During vigorous exercise what happens

Back 29

Glycogen decrease, ATP degrees, pH decrease and lactic acid increase

Front 30

Abnormal muscle contraction

Back 30

*tetany it is inventory contraction straited muscles caused by Low level of calcium in blood the muscles are held under constant contraction ATM expired login is not read it is fatal

Cramps type of tetanic contraction commonly called muscle pull due to dehydration electrolyte imbalance or low blood sugar level

Front 31

What are antagonistic muscles

Back 31

Which move in opposite

Front 32

Movement of arm

Back 32

Flexor or biceps contracts elbow bends

Extensors or triceps contract elbow open straight

Front 33

Shoulder joint

Back 33

Articulated by gLeonard cavity of scapula and head of the humerus bone

Front 34

Movement

Back 34

protector move the arm in forward direction

Retractor =move backward

Abductor arm move away from the body

Aductor move towards the body

Front 35

Amoeba

Back 35

Move by help of pseudopdia are finger like projections of cytoplasm movement depends upon alternate change of cytoplasm into a fluid like sol and jelly like gel form

Front 36

Paramoecium

Back 36

Move by side like extensions of plasma membrane called cilia it is brought about by alternate power stocks and recovery stocks

Front 37

Locomotion of euglena

Back 37

By flagella

Front 38

Hydrostatic skeleton present in

Back 38

Cnidarians,helimenthes,Annelids , jellyfish octopus

Front 39

Joints definition

Back 39

Point at which bones connect each other

Front 40

Cell of cartilage

Back 40

Chondrocytes

Front 41

Chondrocytes secret

Back 41

Extra cellular matrix made up of protein and polysaccharides

Main protein collagen

Front 42

Sharks rays,skates

Back 42

Cartilage

Front 43

External ear,nose tip,larynx

Back 43

Cartilage

Front 44

Embryonic endoskeleton

Back 44

Cartilage

Front 45

Cell's of bones

Back 45

Osteocytes

Front 46

Bones harden by

Back 46

deposition of crystal of calcium phosphate called ossification or calcification

Front 47

What is necessary for calcium absorbtion

Back 47

Vitamin d

Front 48

Joints

Back 48

Point at which bones connect each other

Front 49

Shoulder hip

Back 49

Ball and socket joint

Front 50

Elbow and knee

Back 50

Hinge joint

Back and forth motion

Elbow also pivot joint

Front 51

Plant show

Back 51

Cellular and organ movement

Front 52

Epidermis

Back 52

Outermost layer of thin walled cells

Front 53

What is beneath epidermis

Back 53

Cortex and Central portion Stele

Front 54

Stele

Back 54

Cylindrical core of vascular bundles

Front 55

Parenchyma

Back 55

They are thin-walled Found in epidermis cortex and pith it is unspecialized vegetative did not have secondary walls if they lose their turgidity causes wilting Harbaceous stem and leaves

Front 56

Bryophytes maid of

Back 56

The whole body is made up of a parenchyma tissues

Front 57

Collenchyma

Back 57

Irregularly thickened provide support

Front 58

Sclerenchyma

Back 58

They are dead tissues heavily lignified secondary walls two types fibres which are tough strong but flexible and sclereids which have irregular shape and generally called stone cells common in heart parts of seed and nuts

Front 59

Tracheids

Back 59

Elongated tubular heavily lignified dead cells have hollow cavity found in xylem acting as supporting tissues

Front 60

Vessels

Back 60

They have no transverse walls look like open water pipeline also found in xylem for support

Front 61

Less secondary growth occurs in

Back 61

Monocot plants

Front 62

The secondary growth occurs in gymnosperms and dicot angiosperms

Back 62

True

Front 63

Secondary tissues

Back 63

Vascular cambium and cork cambium

Front 64

Vascular cambium

Back 64

It appears between primary xylem and primary phloem and called fussi form initials

Front 65

Secondary xylem secondary phloem

Back 65

The cells formed inside of vascular cambium give rise to secondary xylem and the cells found outside give rise to secondary phloem

Front 66

When is cork cambium/phellogen made

Back 66

When layers of hypodermal cell regain the power of division

Front 67

Heart wood

Back 67

Part of tree where xylem become non functional it is the inner part of ring in deposits of risen tennis in gums are seen

Front 68

Callus is formed by

Back 68

Cambium

Front 69

Annual rings

Back 69

Accumulation of secondary xylem in the form of concentric layers

It consists of two zones news on spring wood or summerwood which has larger vessels and Outer zone of winter wood or autumn woodhaving smaller vessels