Summer Neuro Vocab (4Th Quiz)

Front 1

Paralysis

Back 1

Loss of power to voluntary movement in a muscle or group of muscles. Synonym: palsy

Front 2

Paraplegia:

Back 2

Paralysis of both legs

Front 3

Parasympathetic System:

Back 3

The craniosacral portion of the autonomic nervous system having to do with building up of body reserves in counter-distinction to the sympathetic portion having to do with emergencies.

Front 4

Paresis

Back 4

Partial or incomplete paralysis. Also used previously to denote general paralysis of the insane, an encephalitis due to syphilis

Front 5

Paresthesia

Back 5

An abnormal spontaneous sensation, such as numbness, tingling, burning, etc

Front 6

Parkinson's Syndrome

Back 6

A chronic neurological disorder marked by rigidity and rhythmical tremor. Synonyms: paralysis agitans, shaking palsy.

Front 7

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 7

The cranial and spinal nerves and their motor and sensory endings.

Front 8

Pia

Back 8

a delicate fibrous membrane adherent to and enveloping the brain and spinal cord; the innermost membrane of the meninges.

Front 9

Pick's Disease

Back 9

A degenerative disease of the brain affecting the cerebral cortex, particularly the frontal lobes. Symptoms include intellectual deterioration, emotional instability and loss of social adjustment.

Front 10

Pituitary Gland

Back 10

An endocrine gland connected with the hypothalamus, controls the functions of most other endocrine glands. Synonym: hypophysis.

Front 11

Pneumoencephalogram(Abbr. PEG or pneumogram

Back 11

X-ray picture of the brain taken after replacement of the cerebrospinal fluid by air or gas through a lumbar puncture.

Front 12

Pons

Back 12

A process or bridge of tissue connecting two parts of an organ. In the brain, it is a connecting tissue situated in front of the cerebellum, its posterior portion forming the floor of the fourth ventricle. It consists of fibers and nuclei which receive impulses from the cerebral cortex, and send fibers to the contralateral side of the cerebellum.

Front 13

Post-traumatic Syndrome

Back 13

The symptoms that follow an injury, especially one to the head: headache, giddiness, depression and sometimes other emotional problems.

Front 14

Pyramidal Tract

Back 14

A bundle of nerve fibers descending from the cerebral cortex through the pyramid to the motor cells in the spinal cord.

Front 15

Reflex:

Back 15

An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part of the body in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the nervous centers in the spinal cord or brain.

Front 16

Reticular Activating System

Back 16

A system of fibers extending from the spinal cord to the thalamus, medial to the main sensory pathways, necessary for normal wakefulness. Lesions of this system result in somnolence and states similar to coma with corresponding changes in electroencephalogram.

Front 17

Romberg's Sign

Back 17

Inability to maintain equilibrium when standing with two feet together and eyes closed.

Front 18

Seizure:

Back 18

1) The sudden onset of a disease or an attack. 2) Specifically, an epileptic or epileptoid attack.

Front 19

Spasm

Back 19

A sudden muscular contraction.

Front 20

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Back 20

Bleeding between the arachnoid and the pia mater of the brain.

Front 21

Subdural Hematoma

Back 21

A hematoma lying underneath the dura or slightly adherent to it, usually resulting from head injury and giving rise to slowly progressive symptoms and signs of cerebral compression

Front 22

Sulcus

Back 22

A furrow or linear groove. When applied to linear depressions on the cerebral hemisphere, the term indicates a less deep depression than a fissure. Sulci in the brain separate the convolutions or gyri.

Front 23

Syncope

Back 23

Fainting, temporary suspension of consciousness from cerebral anemia

Front 24

Tetany

Back 24

A disorder marked by intermittent tonic muscular contractions, accompanied by fibrillary tremors, paresthesias and muscular pains; the hands usually go into a carpal spasm. It occurs with gastric and intestinal disorders, alkalosis ( as in hyperventilation) or deficiency of calcium salts.

Front 25

Thalamus

Back 25

A mass of grey matter at the base of the brain, forming part of the wall of the third ventricle. It is a relay center for the sensory and activating systems. Probably some basic sensation, e.g., pain, can reach the consciousness at this level.

Front 26

Thrombosis

Back 26

The formation or presence of a thrombus (blood clot).

Front 27

Toxic:

Back 27

Poisonous. Pertaining to a ....., a noxious substance either introduced into the body or developed within the body as a part of the disease process.

Front 28

Trauma

Back 28

A wound; an injury inflicted, usually more or less suddenly, by some physical agent.

Front 29

Psychic Trauma

Back 29

An experience of a painful emotional character.

Front 30

Tumor

Back 30

Any swelling or tumefaction. A circumscribed or new growth: see neoplasm.

Front 31

Benign Tumor

Back 31

One that does not form metastases and does not tend to recur after removal.

Front 32

Malignant Tumor

Back 32

Cancer; a tumor producing metastases, and likely to recur after removal.

Front 33

Ventricle

Back 33

A small cavity, e.g., in the brain or in the heart.

Front 34

Ventriculogram

Back 34

A x-ray study of the ventricular system of the brain after the introduction of air or an opaque medium into the cerebral ventricles through trephine openings in the skull

Front 35

Vertigo:

Back 35

Loosely: Dizziness, giddiness. Strictly: A sensation of rotating or whirling motion, either of oneself (subjective) or of external objects (objective).