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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is equal opportunity affliction |
individuals who are addicted to drugs come from all walks of life |
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What is important for the treatment of addiction |
its important to intervene at the earliest possible stage, using the least restrictive form appropriate |
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What is used to assess addiction? |
ASI-addiction serverity index: Most widely used in the field |
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What are six different areas of the ASI |
-Medicalstatus, psychiatric status, alcohol & drug use, employment, legal status& family/social relationships
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what are the stages of change |
-pre-contemplation- denial stage-contemplation- thinking stage, ambivalent aboutchange -preparation- decision -action- change/changing-maintenance- steps to prevent relapse.
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What are the principles of treatment |
- Medication- psychotherapy- cognitivetherapy - behavioraltherapy- Selfhelp groups
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What does successful treatment reqiure |
more then one treatment exsposure |
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What is Comorbity |
•A condition where two or moreillnesses occur in the same person, either simultaneously or sequentially•Comorbidity suggests there areinteractions between the illnesses that affect the course &prognosis of both
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What is common in comorbidity |
•Comorbidity between drugaddiction and other mental illnesses is common
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What is important for treating someone with comorbid substances |
•adequate screening for andaccurate diagnosis of both conditions
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What is interesting about substance abuse |
•Substance abusers are TWICE as likely tosuffer from comorbid anxiety and or mood disorders
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What are reason treatment is not obtianed |
•Lacked health coverage and couldnot afford •Health coverage did not covertreatment or cost•Not ready to stop using•Feared negative effect onemployment •Lacked adequate time for treatment •Lacked transportation orinconvenient•Did not know where to go fortreatmentFeared negative opinions of neighbors or other community members
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What are some general therapeutic strategies |
Short term inpatient-•Typicallyfollowed by extended outpatient & support groups Long term inpatient-•24/7care in a non-hospital setting; highly structured comprehensive services Outpatientt therapy-•Quitevaried Bestfor individuals with extensive family and community support, or who areemployed |
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What is important to in stile in the user |
Accountability, responsibility |
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What is medical detoxification |
The process of safely managing the acute physical symptoms of withdraw while stoping |
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What medication is used often |
benzodiazepines
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What is this consider in aspect to treatment |
a precusor |
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What is key to a sucessful treatment |
Willingness and motivation |
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Chapter 17 |
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What are the factors that influence an individual drug use |
Individual influence, interpersonal societal influence, envorimental influences |
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how serious is the problem of addiction and dependance |
220.6 million people in 2011 were classified with a substance abuse or dependance Marijuana,pain medication, cocaine |
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What are the goals of prevention |
Enhance protective factors, reduce risk factors |
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What some more goals |
Adress all forms of drug abuse and dependence Improve effectiveness, build program to the person |
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What are the 3 levels of prevention |
Primary, secondary, tertiary |
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What is primary focused around |
Set out to target NON-users |
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What are some of its factors |
interpersonal,smallgroups, system level |
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What is seconday focused around |
focused on at risk groups, such as early experimenters |
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What are the levels of secondary |
-Assessmentand identification of abuse subgroups and individual diagnoses-Earlyintervention coupled with sanctions-Teacher-counselor-parentteam approach-Developmentof healthy youth culture-Useof recovering role models
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What is tertiary focused on |
people who are addicts |
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What are the levels of tertiary |
-Assessmentand diagnosis-Referralto treatment-Casemanagement-Recoveryand reentry into a life without drugs
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What makes up the social ecological model |
Individual,interpersonal,organizational,community,public policy factors |
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What makes up the individual factors |
Knowledge,attitude,skill |
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What makes up the interpersonal factors |
family, friends social networks |
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What makes up organizational factors |
Organizations, social institution |
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What makes up community factors |
relationship amongst organization |
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What makes up public policy factors |
national, state, and local law |
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What does the CNS do in the body |
The CNS recieved information from PNS evaluates the info then regulates muscle and organ activity |
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What is the recticular activity system |
-Receives input from all the sensory systems and cerebral cortex-Controls the brain’s state of arousal (sleep vs. awake)-Very susceptible to the effects of drugs |
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What is the Basal ganglia |
-Controls motor activity-Establishes and maintains behaviors
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what is the Limbic system |
-Network of linked brain regions-Regulates emotional activities, memory, reward and endocrine activity-Includes the nucleus accumbens, the brain’s reward center (dopamine)
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What is the cerebral cortex |
-Helps interpret, process andrespond to information; selects appropriate behavior and suppressesinappropriate behavior
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What is the hypothalamus |
-The major link between the nervousand endocrine systems-Controls the ANS, endocrineactivity and many basic body functions
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What does Synthetic/Storage do |
Stimulates or inhibits |
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What does release do |
Block or enhance |
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What does receptor do |
block or activate |
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What does removal/departure do |
Block or enhance |
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How does the body get rid of neurotramsmitters |
diffusion out of the synaptic cleft, enzymatic breakdown, reuptake by pre-synaptic cells |
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What is drug interaction |
Occurs when the presence of one drug alters the action of another |
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What are additive effects |
Summation of effects of drugs taken concurrently |
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What are Antagonistic |
Inhibitory/ One drugs cancels or blocks effects of another |
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Potentiative effects |
synergistic -effect of a drug is enhanced by another drug or substance |
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What are adaptive processes |
Drugs interfere with the normal working of the body Disrupts homeostatsis |
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What are the adaptive constitutes |
Tolerance, dependance,withdrawal, sensitization |
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What is tolerance |
Decreased resonse to a set dose of a drug in response to repeated use |
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What is reverse tolerance |
Sensitization- Enhances response to a given drug dose, opposite |
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Cross-tolerance |
development of tolerance to one drug cuases tolerance to related drugs |
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What is dependence |
Physiological & psychological changes or adaption that occurs in response to frequent use |
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Cross dependance |
Using one drug to relieve another drug |
