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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many grams of fiber are needed daily? for the calc
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14 g per 1000 calories
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How do you calculate someone's protein requirements?
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Divide their weight in pounds by 2.2. This gives you the kg conversion. Then, multiply by .8.
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How many mg of Na do you need daily?
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2300 mg
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How much of your calories should be complex starches?
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40-65%
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How many grams of fiber should you get in a day?
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25-35 g per day
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How much monounsaturated fats should you aquire?
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less than 15%
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How much polyunsaturated fats should you get in a day?
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less than 10%
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How much mg of cholesterol should you get in a day?
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less than 300 mg
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How much of triglycerides should you get in a day?
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20-35% of calories
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How much saturated fats should be in your daily diet?
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8-10% of cals
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How much protein should you get in a day?
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10-35% of cals
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How much sugar should you get in a day?
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25% of cals
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Where can glucose be found?
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starch
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Where can fructose be found?
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fruit and honey
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Where can maltose be found?
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barley
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What are the four functions of lipids?
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1. insulation
2. protects against shock 3.helps body use protein and carbs efficiently 4. energy reserve |
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What are the three types of lipids in the family?
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triglycerides,sterols,phospholipids
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What is a fatty acid that carries the maximum amount of H?
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saturated
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Where can saturated fatty acids be found?
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animals, coconut and palm oil
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Where can polyunsaturated fats be found?
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corn oil safflower oil, and soybean oil
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Where can monounsaturated fats be found?
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olive and canola oil
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What is a fatty acid that has more than one point of unsaturation or more than 2 H missing?
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polyunsaturated fatty acid
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What is a fatty acid that has a point of unsaturation and has 2 H missing?
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monounsaturated fats
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Which fatty acid lowers cholesterol?
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Monounsaturated fatty acids
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What is a fatty acid that has hydrogens on opposite sides of the double bond?
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Trans fatty acids
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What fatty acid raises the LDL cholesterol?
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transfatty acids
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Describe the process of hydrogenation.
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1. H added to monounsat or polyunsat to reduce number double bonds
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What happens to the fatty acid in hydrogenation?
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makes the acid more saturated and resistant to oxidation
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What produces trans fatty acids?
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hydrogenation
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Where can linoleic acid be found?
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vegetable oil and meat
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Where can linolenic acid be found?
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fish oil, flax seed, canola, nuts
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What is the omega six acid that allows body to make more omega six acids?
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linoleic acid
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What is the omega 3 acid that allows the body to make carbs, epa,and dha?
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linolenic acid
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What transports diet derived lipids?
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chylomicrons
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What transports triglycerides,cholesterol,phospholipids?
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LDL
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What transports cholesterol only?
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HDL
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What are the four functions of proteins?
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1. support growth and maitenance
2. maintain fluid balance 3.maintain acid-base balance in blood 4.provide energy if have to |
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What is a protein made up of?
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c,h,o,n
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How much of the protein is made of nitrogen?
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16 %
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What is an amino acid made up of?
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amine and acid group with a varied side chain
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What are three agents of denaturation?
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heat,acid,alcohol,bicarb
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Give the 5 fates of amino acids.
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1. make a growing protein
2. make another compound 3.dismantle and make new amino acid 4.fuel 5.convert to glucose or fat |
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What parts of an amino acid can be stored as fat or converted to glucose, and what happens to the nitrogen?
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CHO-
N converted to urea and secreted. |
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What are proteins that facilitate chemical reactions without being changed in the process?
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enzymes
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Give the three functions of enzymes.
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1. make lg compounds from small ones
2. hydrolyze comps to small ones 3.turn amino acids into glucose |
