Study Questions

Front 1

Papalpower in the fourteenth century was strengthened by the rise of strong regionalmonarch and princes.

Back 1

False, the Papal power weakened

Front 2

Catherineof Siena

Back 2

playedan important role in ending the “Babylonian Captivity of the Church.”

Front 3

Petrarch

Back 3

False Thehumanist poet Petrarch, along with English and German critics, adjudged thepapacy’s apparent dependence on the wishes of the French monarchy as nothingless than a form of servile bondage. Indeed, Petrarch labeled it “TheBabylonian Captivity of the Church,” an allusion to what became the seventyyears during which the Israelites lived subjected to their Babylonian masters.

Front 4

TheConciliar Movement sought to end conflicts between European monarchs by callingfor political assemblies

Back 4

true

Front 5

The“Great Schism” in the west began with the election of two

Back 5

popes

Front 6

Marranos

Back 6

was a term used to describe ___Jews_______ who were forced to convertto Christianity in Spain and Portugal during the 1400s.

Front 7

The Council of Constancetried to reform the church by providing for the regular holding of

Back 7

Electionof popes

Front 8

JohnHus was

Back 8

Chancellor of the University of Prague

Front 9

ALine of Demarcations was drawn by Pope Alexander VI in 1493 to separate theexploration efforts of

Back 9

Portugal and Spain

Front 10

Whichof the following is associated with attempts to restore the artistic andarchitectural splendor of Rome in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries?

Back 10

The “Renaissance Popes”

Front 11

Which of the following wasa result of the political, social, and religious changes of the late MiddleAges?

Back 11

Papal power over the temporal rule of Europe became severely limited

Front 12

Thereis general agreement among scholars to refer to the period between 1300 and1700 as an era of European “Renaissance.”

Back 12

true

Front 13

Historicalevidence proves that the Renaissance humanism was a rejection of Christianfaith and morals.

Back 13

trooooooooo

Front 14

Fourteenth-centuryItalian thinkers such as Petrarch and Boccacio thought of their own time as aperiod of cultural rebirth after centuries of cultural darkness.

Back 14

true

Front 15

ColuccioSalutati argued that studying the liberal arts could benefit the church.

Back 15

true

Front 16

GirolamoSavonarola was an ardent supporter of the renaissance in Florence.

Back 16

false

Front 17

“ChristianHebraism” took an interest in Hebrew language and Jewish history.

Back 17

true

Front 18

Womenenjoyed relative equality with men during the Renaissance era.

Back 18

false

Front 19

“Renaissance” derives froma French world that means

Back 19

reborn

Front 20

Renaissance__________ is a movement often associated with a high view of human ability anda celebration of the achievements of ancient pagan culture.

Back 20

Humanism

Front 21

Johannes Gutenberg

Back 21

__________was a German publisher known for introducing moveable type and the printingpress.

Front 22

Theterm “Renaissance” was used to describe a historical period for the first timein

Back 22

Thesixteenth century

Front 23

Christianhumanists

Back 23

Wanted to base their faith onlinguistic study of Scripture

Front 24

Ad fontes refers to the humanist concern tofind and study the original manuscript sources of

Back 24

Pagan and Christianliterature

Front 25

Petrarchcriticized the scholastic theologians for

Back 25

Failing to use philosophy to promote the art of living well

Front 26

Failing to use philosophy to promote the art of living well

Back 26

Petrarchcriticized the scholastic theologians for

Front 27

In the sixteenth century Protestanttheologians tended to define the gospel in all of the following doctrinal termsexcept

Back 27

meritorious salvation

Front 28

The crucial distinction betweenRoman Catholics and Protestants was that the

__________ saw the exclusive ground ofjustification as the imputed righteousness of Christ.

Back 28

latter

Front 29

The irreducible core of thedistinctive Protestant doctrine of justification centered upon

Back 29

imputed righteousness of Christ

Front 30

Martin Luther’s understanding oforiginal sin resulted in his

Back 30

teaching the bondage of the will

Front 31

The __________ was the historicalfulcrum around which the early events of the Reformation revolved.

Back 31

sale of indulgences

Front 32

True or False. The Protestant Reformation resulted in a lesscoherent and therefore less effective social order and public policy forproviding relief of the poor.

Back 32

false

Front 33

The historical origins of the term“Protestant” reach back to the imperial diet held at Speyer in

Back 33

1529

Front 34

In his statement before the Diet ofWorms in 1521, Martin Luther declared that __________ often err and contradictthemselves.

Back 34

pope and councils

Front 35

Who said, “The Christian isthe lord of all, and subject to none, because of faith; he is the servant ofall, and subject to everyone, because of love

Back 35

luther

Front 36

Lorenzo Valla’s proof that theancient ecclesiastical document supporting papal supremacy, The Donation ofConstantine, was a forgery was published by Ulrich von Hutten (1488-1523)in the year

Back 36

1517

Front 37

As the first Swiss canton to breakwith the Roman Catholic Church in 1525, ________

assumed lead advocacy ofProtestantism within the Swiss Confederation.

Back 37

Zürich

Front 38

All ofthe following is true about Ulrich Zwingli except

Back 38

all of the above – no exception

Front 39

True or false. As a committed pacifist Zwingli refused tominister alongside Swiss soldiers whenever they were deployed upon abattlefield for combat

Back 39

false

Front 40

Erasmian criticism of theRoman Catholic Church focused upon

Back 40

moral coruption

Front 41

True or False. Zwingli as a staunch advocate of believer’sbaptism and therefore, fiercely rejected infant baptism as a political act oftreason.

Back 41

trooooooooo

Front 42

To acknowledge that Christ isreally present in the sacramental elements of the Lord’s Supper, who wrote onthe table in chalk the words, Hoc est corpus meum (“This is my body”) atthe Marburg Colloquy of 1529?

Back 42

luther

Front 43

Michael Servetus (1511-53) wasburned at the stake as a heretic in the city of __________, with __________serving as the prosecution’s expert witness in the trial.

Back 43

Geneva, Calvin

Front 44

True or False. Predestination is neither the epicenter northe wellspring of Calvin’s theological system.

Back 44

true

Front 45

True or False. Although Calvin believed sharing the Gospelwas a common duty of the children of God, he nonetheless discouraged supportingmissionary projects and church planting.

Back 45

false

Front 46

Who is best considered the fatherof Reformed Scholasticism?

Back 46

beza

Front 47

Which ofthe following became the primary signifier of “the Radicals,” who broke withboth the Roman Catholic Church and the magisterial reformers?

Back 47

pasafism

Front 48

Accordingto the most helpful analysis of Anabaptism each listing below attaches to theidentified grouping its correct label, authority and representative except

Back 48

Polygenesis Anabaptists—apocalypticvision—Thomas Müntzer

Front 49

Present-dayfactors in American evangelicalism and global Christianity that indicate theAnabaptist movement was not an abortive counter revolt within the Reformationinclude all of the following except

Back 49

conviction that toseparate church from state was sedition

Front 50

True orFalse. In the final analysis, it remainsthe case that in its most fundamental aspects, the Catholic Reformation wasprimarily the culmination of efforts to reform Roman Catholicism that wereinitiated prior to the rise of Protestantism.

Back 50

false

Front 51

Scholarsconsider all of the following as part of the magisterial reformation except:

Back 51

Anabaptists

Front 52

Who wrote the Schleitheim Articles

Back 52

Thomas Mützer

Front 53

In 1567 Pope Pius Velevated this theologian to a Doctor of the Church, requiring Catholicuniversities to exclusively teach his theology

Back 53

Thomas Aquinas

Front 54

The Jesuits representingthe offensive weapon of the Counter-Reformation concentrated on each of thefollowing activities except

Back 54

administer the Roman Inquisition

Front 55

TheCouncil of Trent (1545-1563), the 19th General Council as declaredby the Roman Catholic Church, defined the doctrine of justification as denyingall of the following except:

Back 55

through the voluntary reception of grace andgifts a man becomes just

Front 56

Relationsbetween Catholics and Protestants did not become more cordial and tolerant withthe Vatican viewing Protestants as “separated brethren,” until the

Back 56

20th century

Front 57

Among early EnglishProtestants which of the following may be judged best as most significant?

Back 57

William Tyndale

Front 58

All of thefollowing were motives for King Henry VIII wanting a Papal annulment of hismarriage to Catherine of Aragon except:

Back 58

endorsing Luther’s text, The BabylonianCaptivity of the Church

Front 59

The truearchitect of the Protestantization of England was

Back 59

Thomas Cranmer

Front 60

One of the blessings thatGod gave the English people as a result of Marian Persecution (Queen Mary I,also known as Mary Tudor) was one of the most enduring translations in thehistory of the English language:

Back 60

1560 Geneva Bible

Front 61

True orFalse. Owing to her commitment to viamedia (a middle way) between a Catholic liturgy and Protestant doctrine thedoctrinal articles of the Elizabeth I reformation did not expressly reject theteaching of transubstantiation.

Back 61

False

Front 62

Particularlypressing differences between mainstream Anglicans and Puritan Anglicans duringthe early era of the Elizabethan Settlement included all of the followingissues except

Back 62

theology

Front 63

Victory against whatforeign power during the long reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603) signaledthat England had come of age and was a force to be reckoned with?

Back 63

Spain

Front 64

True orFalse. In the popular Englishimagination the Virgin Queen Elizabeth I was condemned of God because she nevermarried and because upon her death there was no male heir to take up the throneof England.

Back 64

False

Front 65

Relationsbetween Catholics and Protestants did not become more cordial and tolerantuntil

Back 65

Vatican II Council, 1965

Front 66

All of thefollowing doctrinal points were at the center of the Arminian controversy except:

Back 66

a more extensive use of God’s word

Front 67

The opponents of Cornelius Jansenaccused him of being a secret Calvinist.

Back 67

True

Front 68

German pietism stressed a need forgreater theological precision.

Back 68

True

Front 69

English Puritanism was a diversesocial and theological movement.

Back 69

False

Front 70

The trial and execution ofCharles I was celebrated by all Puritans.

Back 70

False

Front 71

Broad religious toleration wasestablished under Cromwell’s Protectorate.

Back 71

True

Front 72

The Synod of __________affirmed doctrines known as the “Five Points of Calvinism.”

Back 72

Dort

Front 73

The basictheological strains of Pietism include all of the following except

Back 73

celebration of Lord’s Suppers

Front 74

AmericanPuritanism had coalesced into three groups with all of the following emphases except

Back 74

New Calvinists – followers of ArminianCalvinism

Front 75

Trueor False. Seventeenth-century Europe maybest be describe as an age of confidence and stability.

Back 75

False

Front 76

Which people of Europeconsidered the seventeenth century their Golden Age?

Back 76

Dutch

Front 77

Inthe seventeenth century what nation more than any other set the tone forpolitical art and architecture, as well as fashion?

Back 77

French

Front 78

Trueor False. Unlike the fifteenth andsixteenth centuries, the seventeenth century witness little in the way ofscientific discoveries.

Back 78

False

Front 79

Trueof False. Because the Spanish discoveredso much gold and silver in the Americas they had no need for imposing slavelabor upon the native peoples of the land they occupied or for bringing Africanpeople to the Americas as slaves.

Back 79

True

Front 80

Atthe close of the sixteenth century the emissaries of the political elite wouldhave recognized what two nations as being most powerful?

Back 80

Spain/Sweden

Front 81

Trueor False. In spite of brutal warfare,horrific plague, famines, bad weather and economic depression Europe in theseventeenth century nonetheless increased in population.

Back 81

True

Front 82

Baroqueart is characterized by all of the following emphases except:

Back 82

the rational and clarity

Front 83

Europeanscame to question time-honored ideas taught by ancient authorities such asAristotle and Ptolemy for all the following reasons except:

Back 83

secular ideas

Front 84

Theoverwhelming majority of the population of Europe was all of the followingexcept:

Back 84

literate

Front 85

Inthe seventeenth-century hierarchical world kings, nobles, religious leaders andother people of authority feared the power of

Back 85

words

Front 86

Theseventeenth century has been labeled the Age of

Back 86

Kings

Front 87

Theone monarch often singled out as the example, par excellence, of a king rulingwith absolute authority is:

Back 87

Louis XIV of France

Front 88

Whosaid, “We say that the scriptures are a rule, because they contain all thingsnecessary to faith and salvation, and more things may be found in them thanabsolute necessity requires”?

Back 88

William Whitaker

Front 89

Trueor False. Both Roman Catholics andProtestants believed that the teachings of the true church had authority

Back 89

true

Front 90

Allof the following describe traits of the scientific revolution so-called,except:

Back 90

greater stress upon denominational differencesexasperating religious differences

Front 91

Whosaid, “We are all citizens of one world, we are all of one blood… Let us havebut one end in view, the welfare of humanity; and let us put aside allselfishness in considerations of language, nationality, or religion”?

Back 91

Jan Amos Komensky

Front 92

Whichbattle was a turning point in the struggle between Christian forces and theTurkish Muslim Empire?

Back 92

The Battle of Lepanto, 1571

Front 93

Whosaid, “If absolute sovereignty be not necessary in a state, how comes it to beso in a family?... If all men are born free, how is it that all women are bornslaves?”

Back 93

Mary Astell

Front 94

Eachof the following statements about reason from a philosophe point of viewis true except:

Back 94

reason is variable

Front 95

True or False. Philosophes were united in replacingthe Gospel of Jesus Christ as the light of the world with hope in reason as themeans for establishing peace, prosperity and progress on earth for allhumanity.

Back 95

true

Front 96

Trueor false. According to Immanuel Kant a corecomponent to the Enlightenment was for each person to exercise the cardinalvirtue of courage by using one’s own reason.

Back 96

true

Front 97

Voltairesaid this Enlightenment thinker served as a Moses who led humanity from thecaptivity of ignorance to knowledge of nature as it really is.

Back 97

Bacon

Front 98

Whichof the following has been recognized as the “father of biblical criticism”?

Back 98

Simon

Front 99

Inhis work The Essay on Human Understanding, Locke attacked Descartes’principle of __________ ideas.

Back 99

innate

Front 100

Allof the following may be said of Locke’s understanding of Christianity except:

Back 100

embraced orthodox doctrine of original sin

Front 101

Trueor False. In promoting religioustolerance the reformed Protestant Pierre Bayle (d. 1706) argued against thebelief that atheists are incapable of forming a moral society.

Back 101

True

Front 102

Eachof the following is true about Voltaire except:

Back 102

although an atheist he nonetheless believed welived in the best of all worlds

Front 103

Thecivil religion that Rousseau describes in The Social Contract may bedescribed by each of the following except:

Back 103

divine revelation underlies all religions

Front 104

All of the following are true aboutKing Louis XIV except:

Back 104

said of the state, “I am the people, and the people are the state” (The state, it is I)

Front 105

Who said, “Crush theinfamous thing,” meaning the Church and the Christian faith

Back 105

Voltaire

Front 106

All of the following maybe said of the Jansenists except

Back 106

advocates of Ultramontane absolutist loyalty to the papacy

Front 107

True or false. In 1773 the papacy dissolved the religiousorder of the Society of Jesus, only to reestablish it in 1814.

Back 107

true

Front 108

True or False. The disposition of Gallican Catholicismtended to strengthen the French King’s resolve as well as that of the Frenchbishops to defer to the will of the papacy in all matters, temporal andspiritual.

Back 108

false

Front 109

The 1598 Edict of Nantes permittingreformed Protestant subjects to live in France without doing anything inReligion contrary to their conscience was revoked in what year?

Back 109

1685

Front 110

The “Church of the Desert”referred to

Back 110

Huguenot Protestants

Front 111

True or False. In 1787 King Louis XIV issued the Edict ofToleration for Protestants

Back 111

true

Front 112

More than any other king beforehim, King Louis XVI tried to impose a Gallican form of Catholicism upon hispeople – whether they were Jansenist, Jesuit, Quietist, Protestant, or other.

Back 112

true

Front 113

Who helped to establish the firstAfrican Protestant church in the New World, contributing to the creation of“Black Christianity in the Atlantic World”?

Back 113

Rebecca Patten