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5 Cards in this Set

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Define and element
A type of atom that is defined by its atomic number, that is the number of protons in the nucleus.
The term is also used to refer to a pure chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons.
Describe the structure of an atom?
Matter is all of the universe. An element is made up of matter, a subunit of matter is an atom.
In the center of the atom is the nucleus, inside that nucleus is the protons and nutrons. On the outside of the atom are energy levels, which have electrons attached to them. On the very first level there can only be two electrons. The second level can hold 8, and every level after that can hold as many as it wants.
Differentiate between molecules and compounds.
Molecules are two or more atoms.
Compounds are combinations of two or more elements.
Define Mixture. List the three types and give two examples of each.
A mixture is a blend of two or more substances.
Solution: subtance (solute) remains evenly distributed in solvent; homogeneous.
Suspension: Material settles out of mixture on standing; heterogeneous.
Colloid: Particles do not dissolve but remain suspended.
Explain why water is so important to the body.
Water is the most abundant compound in the body. Water can dissolve many different subtances in large amounts. A deficiency of water causes dehydration and that can be a serious threat to health. Water carries substances to and from the cells and makes possible the essential processes of absorption, exchange, secretion, and excretion.