Study Guide Chapter 5

Front 1

Haymarket Riot

Back 1

Was the afternoon of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstrationat Haymarket square in Chicago.

Front 2

John D. Rockefeller

Back 2

John Davison Rockefeller Sr. was an American business magnate and philanthropist. He was a co-founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust.

Front 3

Sand Creek Massacre

Back 3

The U.S. Army had persuaded a group of Cheyenne to stop raiding farms and return to their reservation, but then army troops attacked killing 150 people.

Front 4

Americanization

Back 4

Process in which immigrants were forced to abandon their traditional cultures and adopt the culture of white America.

Front 5

Immigration

Back 5

The action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.

Front 6

Entrepreneurs

Back 6

Risk takers who started new ventures within the economic system of capitalism.

Front 7

Laissez-Faire

Back 7

A system whee companies are allowed to conduct business without interference by the government.

Front 8

Capitalism

Back 8

Economic system in which most businesses are privately owned.

Front 9

Tenements

Back 9

A room or a set of rooms forming a separate residence within a house or block of apartments.

Front 10

Jane Addams

Back 10

Jane Addams was a pioneer American settlement activist/reformer, social worker, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leader in women's suffrage and world peace.

Front 11

Lynching

Back 11

Being killed by a mob or group of people.

Front 12

Bessemer Process

Back 12

A steel-making process, now largely superseded, in which carbon, silicon, and other impurities are removed from molten pig iron by oxidation in a blast of air in a special tilting retort.

Front 13

Vertical and Horizontal Integration

Back 13

“It is the process of acquiring or merging with competitors, leading to industry consolidation.” “Horizontal integration is a strategy where a company acquires, mergers or takes over another company in the same industry value chain.”

Front 14

Andrew Carnegie

Back 14

Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American industrialist who led the enormous expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century. He built a leadership role as a philanthropist for America and the British Empire.

Front 15

Leland Standford

Back 15

Amasa Leland Stanford was an American tycoon, industrialist, politician and founder of Stanford University.

Front 16

Jim Crow Laws

Back 16

Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. Enacted after the Reconstruction period, these lawscontinued in force until 1965.

Front 17

Segregation

Back 17

The separation of different race.

Front 18

Plessy v. Ferguson

Back 18

Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537, was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal."

Front 19

Discrimination

Back 19

The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

Front 20

Social Darwinism

Back 20

A view of society based on Charles Darwin's scientific theory of natural selection.

Front 21

Secession

Back 21

The action of withdrawing formally from membership of a federation or body, especially a political state.

Front 22

Union vs Confederacy

Back 22

The Union was the North and the Confederacy was the South.

Front 23

Emancipation Proclamation

Back 23

Lincoln singed it to free slaves.

Front 24

Ellis Island and Angel Island

Back 24

The main difference between Ellis Island and Angel Island was that the majority of the immigrants that traveled through Angel Island were from Asian countries, such as China, Japan, Russia, and South Asia. The facility was created to monitor the flow of Chinese immigrants entering the country.

Front 25

Booker T. Washington vs W.E.B Du Bois

Back 25

Booker believed that African Americans had to accept segregation for the moment while Du Bois believed that African Americans should strive for full rights immediately.