Study Guide 2: Cell Respiration Of Fats

Front 1

Describe the Cell respiration of FATS

Back 1

The fat molecule is broken down by hydrolysis into GLYCEROL and FATTY ACIDS , and the glycerol and fatty acids then enter the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain.

Front 2

Explain how glycerol is used to generate ATP’s:

Back 2

It enters the Krebs cycle after it is converted to PGAL and then to pyruvic acid.

Front 3

What is the APT harvest for the COMPLETE respiration of GLYCEROL?

Back 3

Since glycerol is HALF of a glucose molecule the energy harvest would be HALF of that for glucose - 18 ATP’s per glycerol molecule.

Front 4

Explain how fatty acids are used to generate ATP’s:

Back 4

The fatty acids are broken down into 2 C fragments {acetyl groups} by a sequence of reactions called beta oxidation.

This process occurs in the mitochondria, so the acetyl groups enter the Krebs
cycle immediately.

Front 5

Description of beta oxidation:

Back 5

The fatty acids are first activated by a coupled reaction with ATP and combined with coenzyme A.

After being oxidized twice, forming NADH and FADH2, acetyl Co-A is cleaved off and the process begins again until all of the C’s of the fatty acid are cleaved off in 2 C fragments as acetyl Co-A.

The acetyl Co-A’s then enter the Krebs cycle.

Front 6

What is the ATP YIELD for the BETA OXIDATION of a fatty acid?

Back 6

For each 2 carbon fragment {acetyl Co-A} removed from the fatty acid, the cell gains 12 ATP’s from the acetyl Co-A’s entering the Krebs cycle plus 5 ATP’s from the NADH and FADH2 which were formed by twice oxidizing the fatty acid before cleaving the acetyl Co-a. (12 + 5 = 17 per 2 C)

Electrons from these NADH and FADH2 are feed directly into the electron transport chain.

Front 7

What is the NET ATPs formed from an 18 C fatty acid?

Back 7

144 ATPs

Front 8

This is ______ times GREATER than the ATPs obtained from the cell respiration of _____ glucose molecules.

Back 8

1.3 greater
3 glucose molecules