Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Describe the 3 Major Laws Regulating Water Quality |
Clean Water Act: Passed with bipartisan approval under Nixon, ambitious, wanted to eliminate pollutant discharge and make all US water swimmable.
Endangered Species Act: Make cities pay attention to activities involving water/endangered species
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA): Environmental assessments needed for federal actions involving environment. Impact Statement required if damage is significant |
|
|
Why is it hypothesized that climate change contributed to the development of humancivilization (i.e., in a different mode than hunter-gatherer subsistence)? |
Leap of agriculture after Ice Age ended. Building of aqueducts to channel water into fields.
|
|
|
For what purposes did humans begin to engineer the pathways of water? Give examples. |
To improve access to water. Examples are found in irrigation, to control water flow, as well as the creation of canals. |
|
|
Where are the earliest known irrigation works? |
Choga Mami, the Fertile Crescent. It is also found in the Nile River. |
|
|
Nestle: |
An ethical system where an organization has the responsibility to act for the benefit of society.
|
|
|
Give 2 Examples of Social responsibility practiced by Nestle
|
Project Wet: educating people about hydration and health
Advocating effective water policies |
|
|
For each of your examples of Nestle Social responsibility, compare the claim to reality. |
Project Wet :Pilot program in Fryeberg – helping community conserve water while takingwater out of community, very small investments to communities although there were bigbenefits to community
Water Resources Group – apparently haven’t visited the pipes or done repairs since 2005, notproviding much water (and there is iron |
|
|
What are the 2 points of view on Nestle's privatization of water (that Nestle recognizes?)
|
* Water is a public right
and * Access to water is not a human right |
|
|
Nestle: |
High population growth hard to keep up with
Population poor, can't afford water/filtration Not much water available/pollution (Lahore, Lagos respectively) |
|
|
How does Nestle benefit communities like Fryeburg, Maine?
|
Poland Springs pumping station
Economic benefits, more jobs "Good Neighbor Policy" |
|
|
In what ways does Nestle decrease well-being in communities like Fryeburg, Maine? |
May be polluting local pond Nestle is suing the town to create second pumping station Traffic problems Damaging ecology |
|
|
How does Nestle benefit communities like Lahore Pakistan and/or Lagos Nigeria? |
Providing bottled water some employment opportunities water became social value |
|
|
In what ways does Nestle decrease well-being in communities like Lahore Pakistan and/orLagos Nigeria? |
Commodification of drinking water Contaminating tap water water is more expensive |
|
|
Is the scarcity of clean water Nestle’s fault? |
No, but their methods are not necessarily helping either. |
|
|
On average, how much water does a person need during a day? |
8 glasses of water |
|
|
What is the source of this water? |
Food, tea, drinking water, coffee |
|
|
What factors cause this average amount to vary? |
Height, weight, exercise |
|
|
Describe how water is generally purified. |
Coagulated, filtered, disinfectant/flouride added, sent to water storage then home consumption |
|
|
What are some water disinfecting methods? |
Chlorine, UV Light, Ozone, Hydrogen peroxide |
|
|
How is Boston water purified? |
Ozone – disinfection Sodium Bisulfate – removes ozone UV Light – kills 99% of what’s left over Sodium Hypochloride – residual disinfection
Sodium Hydrofluorosilicic acid – dental health Aqueous Ammonia – residual disinfection Sodium Carbonate – minimize lead and copper leaching from home plumbing Carbon dioxide – to adjust pH level |
|
|
What does most purified water in the US get used for? |
Mostly for watering lawns and plants, laundry, bathing, toilets. |
|
|
What are some problems with bottled water? |
Not recycling More expensive than tap Less clean than tap |
|
|
What are some of the ways that bottled water consumes energy? |
Energy needed to make bottle out of oil Volatile chemicals released when creating bottles |
|
|
Most bottled water is NOT in fact regulated by the FDA-- why? |
Don’t cross state lines since they take the water from municipal water sources (tap water). They don’t have jurisdiction if they don’t cross state lines |
|
|
What are some factors leading to the preference of bottled over tap water? |
Marketing, convenience, not believing tap water is cleaner |
|
|
What are some examples of pharmaceuticals newly being found in water and what are theirsources? |
People flushing pills
Giving drugs to livestock |
