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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
hematopoiesis
the process of blood cell formation
red bone marrow
soft connective tissue inside the hard walls of some bones

blood cell formation happens in red bone marrow
four major types of bones
long
short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
dense or compact bone
outer layer, hard and dense
spongy bone
porous bone at the end of a bone
trabeculae
needlelike threads of spongy bone that surround a network of spaces
osteons
compact bone is organized in to numerous structural units
each circular and tubelike osteon is composed of calcified matrix arranged in multiple layers resembling the rings of an onion.
concentric lamella
the circular rings, or lamellae, surround the central canal which contains a blood vessel.
osteocytes
living bone cells that lie between the hard layers of the lamellae in the little spaces called lacunae
lacunae
little spaces between the hard layers of the lamellae
canaliculi
connect the the lacunae with one another and with the central canal in each osteon
cartilage
consists more of intercellular substance than of cells

innumerable collagenous fibers reinforce the matrix of both tissues

fibers are embedded in a firm gel instead of in a calcified cement substance like they are in bone
chondrocytes
cartilage cells, located in the lacunae
osteoblasts
bone forming cells
osteoclasts
bone-resorbing cells
endochondral ossification
bones formed from cartilage models
epiphyses
small centers located in both ends of the bone
diaphysis
larger center located in the shaft
epiphyseal plate
as long as this cartilage remains between the epiphyses and the diaphysis growth will occur.
two divisions of the skeleton
axial skeleton
appendicular skeleton
axial skeleton
skull
cranium
ear bones
face
spine/vertebrae
thorax/ribs/sternum
hyoid bone
appendicular skeleton
upper extremities
lower extremities