Structure And Function Of Animal + Plant Cells

Front 1

cell membrane

Back 1

thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell inside the cell wall. It is semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others.

Front 2

cell wall

Back 2

a thick, rigid membrane that surrounds a plant cell. This layer of cellulose fiber gives the cell most of its support and structure. This also bonds with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant. (only plant cell)

Front 3

mitochondrion

Back 3

spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. This converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the cell.

Front 4

chloroplast

Back 4

disc-shaped organelle containing chlorophyll. Photosynthesis takes place in this. (only plant cell)

Front 5

nucleus

Back 5

spherical body containing many organelles, including the nucleolus. It controls many of the functions of the cell and contains DNA in chromosomes. It is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.

Front 6

nucleolus

Back 6

an organelle in the nucleus. its where ribosomal RNA is produced.

Front 7

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Back 7

a system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks that are located in the cell's cytoplasm. It is covered with ribosomes that give its appearance. It transport materials through the cell and produces proteins in sacs called cisternae which are sent to the Golgi body, or inserted into the cell membrane.

Front 8

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Back 8

smooth endoplasmic reticulumsystem of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted tubes that are located in the cell's cytoplasm. It transports materials through the cell. It contains enzymes and produces and digests lipids and membrane proteins. It breaks down toxins.

Front 9

Golgi body

Back 9

flattened, layered, sac-like organelle thats located near the nucleus. Refines, stores, and distributes chemical products (proteins + lipids)

Front 10

ribosomes

Back 10

small organelles composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis.

Front 11

large central vacuole

Back 11

Absorbs, then stores water and nutrients that cells need to survive. It also helps protect the cell from becoming contaminated by storing waste products. (only plant cell)

Front 12

Microtubules/cytoskeletons

Back 12

fibrous, hollow rods, that function primarily to help support, maintain, move, and shape the cell. They also function as routes along which organelles can move

Front 13

Nuclear Envelope

Back 13

This is a double-layered membrane that encloses the contents of the nucleus during most of the cell's lifecycle. This is perforated with tiny holes called nuclear pores. These pores regulate the passage of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm, permitting some to pass through the membrane.

Front 14

Transport vesicles

Back 14

small sacs that pinch off of the endoplasmic reticulum or the Golgi apparatus and transport molecules to other parts of the cell.

Front 15

Plasmodesmata

Back 15

pores in plant cell wall that transports materials (only plant cell)

Front 16

Centrioles

Back 16

They are self-replicating organelles made up of nine bundles of microtubules and are found only in animal cells. Makes spindles than retreats. They appear to help in organising cell division, but aren't essential to the process. (only animal cell)

Front 17

flagella

Back 17

They are motile structures. They have a motile, highly organised, micro tubular structure at their core. (only animal cell)