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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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stroke
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-sudden onset of neurological deficit caused by alteration in blood flow to a certain portion of the brain
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TIA
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-stoke like episode that resolves itself within 24 hrs
-most resolve in one hr |
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amaurosis fugax
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-TIA characterized by transient monocular visual loss
-caused by alteration of blood flow in the opthalmic artery |
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what percentage of all strokes are primary hemorrhagic?
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-20%
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what are the symptoms of subarachnoid hemorrhage?
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-sudden "thuderclap" onset of worst headache of life
-often loss of conciousness |
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what are the two main etiologies of subarachnoid hem?
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-rupture of berry aneurism
-arteriouvenous malformation |
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what is an intracerebral hemorrhage?
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-hemorrhage within the brain parenchyma
-clinical course is typically progressive over hours |
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what are the four main etiologies of ICH?
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-hypertension
-drugs -cerebral amyloidosis -AVM |
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what percentage of strokes are primary ischemic?
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-80%
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large vessel occlusive stroke
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-results from blockage of a large cerebral vessel due to a pathologic process arising within that vessel
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what are the four main etiologies of large vessel occlusive stroke?
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-atherothrombotic
-traumatic dissection -vasospasm -hypercoaguable states |
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small vessel occlusive stroke
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-blockage of a small cerebral vessel due to a pathologic process arising within that vessel
-subcortical involving deep gray and white structures of the hemispheres |
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what are the three main etiologies of small vessel occlusive stroke?
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-lipohyalinosis
-vasculitis -hypercoaguable states |
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embolic stroke
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-blockage of a cerebral vessel by material that originated elsewhere
-characterized by maximal neurological deficit at onset |
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where do emboli most often occlude?
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-middle cerebral artery or one of its branches
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which type of stroke has a characteristic wedge pattern of infarct?
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-embolic
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what are the two major sources for emboli?
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-cardiac
-carotid artery atheromatous plaques |
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what are the sysptoms of a stroke involving the MCA?
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-contralateral weakness/sensory loss involving the face and arm
-aphasia -contralateral homonymous hemianopsia |
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what are the symptoms of a stroke involving the ACA?
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-motor and sensory deficits of the contralateral leg
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what are the symptoms of a stroke involving the PCA?
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-contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
-possible contralateral loss of sensation and weakness -amnesia if hippocampus is involved |
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what are the symptoms of vertebrobasilar stroke?
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-face and extremity weakness and sensory loss
-dysarthria -diplopia -vertigo -ataxia |
