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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ischemic Stroke
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Decreased blood flow to area in brain
Majority of strokes are this type |
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Cerebral Thrombosis
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Clot forms in brain, most common type of ischemic stroke
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Cerebral Embolism
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Clot forms elsewhere and travels to the brain
*Can be caused by atrial fibrilation-->blood pools in atrial and clots can form |
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Hemorrhagic Stroke
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Bursting of an artery
Hard to treat *Risk Factors: High BP, Warfarin |
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Cerebral Hemorrhage
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Bursting of artery inside the brain
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Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
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Burst artery is outside brain
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Middle Cerebral Artery
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Provides blood flow to large cortical and subcortical territories
2/3 of ischemic strokes occur in the middle cerebral artery and its branches |
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Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
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Brief episode of focal loss of brain function attributable to ischemia
-Generally lasts less than 24 hours (mini-stroke) -No long term effects |
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Uses of stroke scales
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Evaluate the outcome of therapeutic agents in clinical trials
Detect a change in a patients condition during monitoring at the stroke unit Assist in the planning for rehab |
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tPA
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Tissue Plasminogen Activator
-Only FDA approved drug for tx of stroke -Effective only for ischemic stroke -->makes hemorrhagic worse -Must be given within 3 hours of stoke onset |
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Heparin
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Prevents platelet aggregation
-Not FDA approved -No evidence that it works |
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Excitotoxicity
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Overstimulation of the glutamate receptors-->leading to neuronal death
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Anti-excitoxicity FDA approved drugs
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Memantine
Amantadine Rilusole |
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Glutatmate Antagonists
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Not great drugs for tx
Only slows the progression by a small amount -Many side effects -Must get drug to people very quickly |
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Potential Treatments for Stroke
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Glutamate Receptor Antagonists
Neurotrophic Factors Stem Cells |
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Growth Factors
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Proteins that can regulate survivial and differentiation of cells
-Prevent apoptosis-->keep cells alive |
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Nuerotrophic Factors
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Specifically act on neurons to keep them alive
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