Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How is stress defined?
|
When a demand exceeds a person's coping abilities, resulting in reactions.
|
|
|
What are the 3 stages in the General Adaptation Syndrome?
|
Alarm
Resistance or Adaptation Exhaustion |
|
|
What happens in the Alarm stage?
|
Arousal of body defenses
Stressor triggers hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) Activates SNS |
|
|
What happens in the Resistance stage?
|
Fight or flight
begins with the actions of adrenal hormones |
|
|
What happens in the Exhaustion stage?
|
Progressive breakdown of compensatory mechanisms
Occurs if stress continues |
|
|
What body systems are involved in the stress response?
|
Nervous
Endocrine Immune |
|
|
Reactive response?
|
Stressor happens - physiologic stress response
|
|
|
Anticipatory response?
|
Happens before stressful event
|
|
|
Conditional response?
|
Previous bad stressor occurs again
|
|
|
What happens during neuroendocrine regulation?
|
Catecholamines (epinephrine & norepi) released from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla
|
|
|
What do the alpha-adrenergic receptors release?
|
epi & norepi
|
|
|
What do the beta-adrenergic receptors release?
|
epi
|
|
|
What affect does Norepi have on the body?
|
^BP
dilates pupils piloerection increases sweat in armpits and palms |
|
|
What affect does Epi have on the body?
|
^HR and force of contraction
increased metabolism |
|
|
What activates cortisol?
|
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
|
|
|
What does cortisol do?
|
Stimulates gluconeogenesis
^ blood glucose level powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agent |
|
|
What is piloerection?
|
goose bumps
|
|
|
How do glucocorticoids and catecholamines react on the immune system?
|
decrease cellular immunity while increasing humoral immunity
Suppresses Th1 (pro-inflammatory) Stimulates Th2 (anti-inflammatory) |
|
|
What effect does chronic stress have on the growth hormone (somatotropin)?
|
decreases growth hormone
|
|
|
What is prolactin released from?
|
Pituitary gland
|
|
|
What happens to the prolactin levels in the plasma as a result of stressful stimuli?
|
Increase
|
