Stress And Coping Part 2 Lecture-Psych Exam 3

Front 1

Personality traits and styles also

Back 1

impact response to stressful situations

Front 2

Type A personalities:

Back 2

competitive, impatient, and more prone to aggression

Front 3

Type B personalities

Back 3

more relaxed, easy going, and less quick to anger

Front 4

Stress and personality style interact with health

Back 4

type A personalities have 2x the risk of disease

Front 5

Stress affects on body

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Stress in general lowers/decreases the body's immune responses.

Front 6

Personality traits may also serve as positive moderators

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Conscientiousness is associated with positive physical health and higher rates of longevity

Front 7

Conscientious people

Back 7

may gravitate toward healthier environments
less reactivity to stress
less likely to exhibit unhealthy habits like smoking, drinking, risk taking

Front 8

Health Impairing Behaviors

Back 8

smoking
poor nutritional habits
lack of exercise
alcohol drug use
risky behaviors

Front 9

Smoking and health

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-Smokers have significantly shorter life expectancy than non smokers
-lung cancer, heart disease as well as other cancers, hypertension and -emphysema are all smoking related illnesses
-smokers underestimate the health risks
-smokers overestimate their ability to quit

Front 10

STDS are a major health challenge because

Back 10

19 million new infections occur each year, almost half of them among young people 15 to 24 years of age

Front 11

Women and STIs

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-Biological factors place women at greater risk than men for severe health consequences of STDs
-Chlamydia and gonorrhea pose a particular risk to the health of women, as both can result in infertility if untreated

Front 12

HIV occurrence

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-HIV transmission has increased in heterosexual partners
-male to femal transmission is 8x more likely than female to male.

Front 13

HIV risks overlooked

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another risk group often overlooked for HIV are middle age women.

Front 14

Stress is also correlated with higher incidences of child abuse

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Physical abuse, Emotional Abuse, Child Neglect

Front 15

PHysical Abuse:

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non-accidental physical attack on or injury to children by individuals caring for them

Front 16

Emotional abuse:

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pattern of behavior that impairs a child's emotional development of self worth

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Child Neglect

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absence of adequate social, emotional and physical care

Front 18

Fatalities of abuse or neglect

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1760 children died, 42% of victims were younger than 1, 75% were younger than 4 - 2007

Front 19

Parents as child abuse perpetrators

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one or both parents were perpetrators in 70% of the cases, 27% mothers were sole perpetrators

Front 20

Define: Risk factors

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certain characteristics which increase the risk or potential for abuse. May be in the child, family, community and society

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Define: Risk factors

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factors that may buffer or protect a child from maltreatment

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Risk factors related to stress and abuse

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-child factors
-parental factors
-community factors

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Definition: risk Child factors

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prematurity, disabilities, difficult temperament, childhood trauma

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Definition: risk Parental factors

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low frustration tolerance, parental conflict, unrealistic developmental expectations, look to child as source of love and support, substance abuse

Front 25

Definition: risk community factors

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lack of social supports and social services, poor economy, acceptance of violence and failure to value children

Front 26

Protective factors related to stress and abuse

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child factors
parental factors
community factors

Front 27

Definition: protective Child factors

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easy temperament, outside interests and activities, abose average intelligence, good social skills

Front 28

Definition: protective Parental factors

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secure attachment, social supports, household rules and structure, education

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Definition: protective community factors

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good schools, availability of mentors and positive role models, religious faith participation

Front 30

Developmental implications of abuse

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-social
-emotional
-cognitive

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social implications of abuse

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children/teachers rate more negatively, less popular, more withdrawn

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emotional implications of abuse

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lower self concept, more behavioral problems: restlessness, hperactivity, antisocial

Front 33

cognitive implicactions of abuse

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perform lower on IQ and achievement tests, lower reasiness to learn in school

Front 34

Definition: cycle of violence

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findings that those who are abused are at a greater risk for abusing

Front 35

Defintion: Social Learning theory- cycle of violence

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violent, aggressive children have learned those behaviors fromt heir paretns

Front 36

Definition: biological genetic theory- cycle of violence

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aggressiveness is a genetic characteristic"passed dow" by parents

Front 37

Definition: interaction theory- cycle of violence

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aggressive predisposition combined with an aggressive environment creates a cycle of violence

Front 38

Breaking the cycle of violence

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-promote cultural attitudes against using violence
-train children with non violent conflict resolution
-train parents in healthy parenting techniques

Front 39

Aging and Stress

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-declining health
-loss of familya nd friends
-employmnt and financial problems
-alienation from the larger society
-loneliness

Front 40

COping strategies for aging and stress

Back 40

-exercise
-recreational activites
- building a sense of community
-maladaptive coping includes substance abuse and social withdrawal
-elderly at risk for depression