Stereotypes And Prejudice Lecture 2

Front 1

Accuracy of stereotypes and assessment of accuracy is...

Back 1

Very hard to assess. Even if you find a stereotype to be accurate it is very hard to find out why it is.

Most people INCORRECTLY, assume biological reasons.

Front 2

Why use an experimental method?

Back 2

Common sense can be faulty

Biased interpretation of evidence

Front 3

Lord, Lepper, Ross death penalty study consisted of and showed...

Back 3

Death penalty studies showing results, etc. were either for or against the death penalty

participants judged the papers to be good based off of their previous judgements.

Front 4

Confirmatory Hypothesis testing EK47 showed bias confirmation by...

Back 4

Showing through a study that consisted of cards having a vowel on the front and a number on the back to be true, and asked people to find this out by picking only two cards.

People chose E and 4 because they believed it to be true and wanted to prove it, instead of flipping over 4 and 7.

Front 5

Why is using an experimental method good in finding objective reality?

Back 5

People are not usually aware of their biases

Vivid anecdotes are not usually accurate but still influence people greatly

Front 6

Nisbett and Wilson 4 sock experiment on bias awareness consisted of...

Back 6

4 socks, all the same

people chose socks on the far right

everyone came up with a different reason as to why that was the best sock instead of realizing it was because:

we read from left to right.

Front 7

Correlational Evidence and how it works

Back 7

Strength of relationships between 2 variables

ranges from -1 to +1, either is a strong correlation

whether positive or negative the close to one the stronger the correlation

the sign signatures the nature of it, positive or negative

Front 8

Positive Correlation

Back 8

As one goes up so does the other

Front 9

Negative Correlation

Back 9

as one goes up the other goes down

Front 10

What are the advantages of correlational research?

Back 10

Convenient (surveys)

can study issues that can't be manipulated like divorce

Archival research, look at how lynching went up when cotton yield was down in the south

Front 11

Disadvantage of correlational research

Back 11

What causes it?

does x cause y?

does y cause x?

is it a third variable?

Front 12

Disadvantage of surveys

Back 12

May be willing and unable to tell you

may be unable to tell you accurately

Prejudiced towards an answer

Front 13

Experiments and their benefits

Back 13

Look for whether x causes y and can create measures to ensure this

Front 14

Experiments Key Components

Back 14

Independent variable must manipulate the cause and nothing else

random assignment

dependent variable is what measures the effect

Front 15

Confounds example John and Jane (psych and business)

Back 15

John is leading business majors and assertive, Jane is leading Psych majors and is passive.

Is it the psych majors or the female aspect? Or is it the passive or assertive causing the effect.

Front 16

One way design

Back 16

single independent variable, two to three groups

Front 17

Factorial Designs

Back 17

Multiple independent variables

Front 18

Disadvantages of Experimental

Back 18

Can't randomly assign every event

artificiality of lab can be off, and make it seem fake.

Front 19

Keys to a good experiment

Back 19

Internal Validity (Only IV changed the DV)

External Validity (generalizable)

Front 20

Importance of Replication of studies across the world

Back 20

Different manipulations of constructs tests ideas

Different settings

Different populations

When the effects replicate you can be confident it's true.