Step Up To The Streetz

Front 1

What is normal urine output?

Back 1

> 1 mL/kg per hour

Front 2

What is the 4-2-1 rule of fluid maintenance?

Back 2

4 ml/Kg for first 10 kg
2 ml/Kg for second 10 kg
1 ml/Kg for every Kg over 20

Front 3

What effect does 1 unit PRBCs have on Hb and Hct?

Back 3

increased Hb by 1 unit
increased Hct by 3 units

Front 4

Normal sodium

Back 4

135-145

Front 5

Normal calcium

Back 5

8.5-10.5

Front 6

normal potassium

Back 6

3.5-5

Front 7

What is the relationship between albumin and calcium?

Back 7

Most Ca bound to albumin.

For every 1 albumin lost, Ca goes down by 0.8

Front 8

Which electrolyte disburbances cause a prolonged QT?

Back 8

hypocalcemia

hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia

Front 9

What are the acid-base results of diarrhea/vomitting?

Back 9

increased plasma HCO3- --> prox renal tubule cant absorb excess HCO3- --> excess HCO3- excreted along with partner anion Potassium --> HYPOKALEMIA

Front 10

What acid-base disorders caused by salicylate overdose?

Back 10

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Front 11

What are the EKG changes seen in hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia?

Back 11

Prolonged PR interval
Widened QRS complex
Elevated T waves

Front 12

Where is most of the body magnesium?

Back 12

the bones

Front 13

What is the most common cause of hypomagnesemia?

Back 13

Malabsorption/steatorrheic states

d/t most of the dietary magnesium is absorbed in the GI tract

Front 14

What is the effect of hypomagnesemia on calcium?

Back 14

Coexisting hypocalcemia because low Mg decreases release of PTH and causes bone resistance to PTH

Front 15

What is the primary control of phosphate absorption?

Back 15

VD controls phosphorous absorption in the GI tract

Front 16

Normal phosphate

Back 16

3-4.5

Front 17

What are the 2 most common causes of severe hypo-phosphatemia?

Back 17

Alcohol abuse

DKA

Front 18

TX for Addison's disease?

Back 18

cortisol
flludrocortisone to replace missing aldosterone

Front 19

native valve endocarditis (subacute)

Back 19

S. viridans

Front 20

asthma exacerbation with FEV1 < 50%. what is the TX?

Back 20

Inahled B-agonist
Anti-cholingeric medicine by nebulizer
IV corticosteroids
O2

Front 21

Schizophrenia TX that causes hyperprolactinomeia

Back 21

Risperidone

Front 22

TX for acute pylonephritis

Back 22

Ciprofloxacin

Front 23

Which pneumothoraces only require O2 and observation

Back 23

those <15%

Front 24

Which test do you do before starting Crohn's patient on Infliximab?

Back 24

TB- PPD

Front 25

Symptoms of alcohol-withdrawal?

Back 25

Delirium-tremor
Agitation

Front 26

MEN IIA

Back 26

Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Pheochromocytoma
Parathyroid

Front 27

MEN IIB

Back 27

Medullay Thyroid Carcinoma
Pheochromocytoma
Mucosal/GI neuromas

Front 28

Nonproliferative retinopathy chracterized by

Back 28

Micro-aneurysms
Dot hemmorhages
cotton wool spots (small infarcts)

Front 29

Proliferative retinopahy

Back 29

DM 1
vitreous hemmorrages
retinal detachment

Front 30

recommended screening test to tell primary or secondary AI?

Back 30

cosyntropin

Front 31

What is the effect on cholesterol of nephrotic syndrome?

Back 31

Increased cholesterol d/t liver ramping up production of proteins

Front 32

What is the triad of pyleonephritis?

Back 32

Nause/vomiting
Costoverterbral angle tenderness
Fever

Front 33

TB prophylaxis

Back 33

Isoniazid and pyridoxine

Front 34

Painful thyroiditis

Back 34

Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (de Quervain's): post URI
Acute infectious thyroidtiis

Front 35

Which derm condition associated with celiac?

Back 35

Dermatitis herpatiformis

Front 36

Type IV renal tubuluar acidosis associated with?

Back 36

Decreased secretion of aldosterone
Hyperkalemia
Acidic urine

Front 37

Type 2 renal tubular acidosis

Back 37

increased urine bicarbonate

Front 38

Which Rental tubular acidcosis has hyperkalemia and acidic urine?

Back 38

IV

Front 39

Which leukemia presents with generalized painless lymphadenopathy?

Back 39

CLL

Front 40

TX for symptomatic CLL

Back 40

Chlorambucil

Fludarabine

Front 41

TX for breast and ovarian cancer?

Back 41

Paclitaxel

Front 42

How does CML present?

Back 42

Constitutional symptoms
Abdominal fullness d/t hepato-splenomegaly

Front 43

Which derm condition associated with DM?

Back 43

Acanthosis nigricans

Front 44

Whats the most common cause of diastolic dysfunction?

Back 44

Hypertensive heart

Front 45

What distinguishes Hodgkin's from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Back 45

Hodgkins: presence of inflammatory cell infiltrates reactive to Reed Sternberg cells.
- Neoplastic large cells

Front 46

Which lung cancer most assoc with finger clubbing?

Back 46

Adenocarcinoma

Peripheral
Non-smokers

Front 47

Solitary pulmonary nodule with "popcorn" calcification

Back 47

Hamartoma

Front 48

TX of S. aureus impetigo

Back 48

Mupirocin ointment

Front 49

TX of facial erythema caused by Rosacea

Back 49

Metronidazole

Front 50

Ampho B causes which type of RTA

Back 50

Type 1 (nephrotoxic)

Front 51

Type of liver tumor in women with long-term OC use

Back 51

Hepatoceullar adenoma

Front 52

Pel-Ebstein cyclic fevers - start at night and resolve by morning

Back 52

Hodgkin's disease

Front 53

What is pathognomic for Hodgkin's disease?

Back 53

Pain of involved lymph nodes following alcohol consumption

Front 54

What effect does sustained handgrip have in differenting MVP from HCM?

Back 54

Sustained handgrip increases systemic resistance --> decreased gradient across aoritc valve --> decreases intensity of HCM murmur
INCREaSES intensity of MVP

Front 55

What electrolyte disturbance is caused by rhabdomyolysis

Back 55

Hyperkalemia

Front 56

Causes of increased anion gap metabolic acidosis

Back 56

Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis
Salicylate poisoning
Ethylene glycol
Methyl alcohol (blindness)

Front 57

What acid/base disorder caused by diuretics?

Back 57

Metabolic alkalosis and hypo-chloremia

Front 58

Which acid/base disorder seen in diabetics?

Back 58

Hyperkalemia