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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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increased cup to disc ratio on fundoscopic exam, intraocular pressure of 20 to 30mmHg. dx?
tx? |
open angle glaucoma
beta blockers, prostaglandins, acetazolamide, pilocarpine |
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sudden decreased vision with fixed, mid-dilated pupil. intraocular pressure >30mmHg.
dx? tx? |
closed-angle glaucoma
pilocarpine or peripheral iridectomy |
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what is UV keratitis? tx?
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corneal inflammation due to UV exposure
tx: anticholinergic eye drop to paralyze ciliary muscle |
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uveitis is associated with what pediatric rheumatologic disease?
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juvenile rhematoid arthritis
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most common cause of painless, slowly progressive loss of vision?
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cataracts, especially in elderly
treat with lens replacement (artificial) |
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arteriolar narrowing, copper/silver wiring, cotton wool spots...DM or HTN?
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HTN
look out for papilledema |
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what is a hordeolum? chalazion?
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hordeolum is a stye, painful red lump near the lid margin
chalazion is a painless lump away from the lid margin tx: both with warm compress |
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conjunctivitis, vesicular lid eruption, then progressing to classic dendritic keratitis (seen with fluorescein stain).
dx? tx? |
herpes simplex keratitis
tx: topical antivirals (idoxuridine) |
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how do you treat opthalmic herpes zoster infection?
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oral acyclovir
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what syndrome of the proximal muscles is present in 50% of temporal arteritis pts?
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polymyalgia rheumatica
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describe central retinal artery occlusion. common cause?
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- sudden (minutes), painless unilateral loss of vision
- pale, opaque fundus with cherry red spot in the fovea (center) of the macula cause: emboli from carotid plaque of heart |
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describe central retinal vein occlusion. common cause?
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- sudden (hours), painless, unilateral loss of vision
- distended, tortuous retinal veins, retinal hemorrhages and a congested, edematous fundus cause: HTN, DM, glaucoma, increased blood viscosity |
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pt has sudden (instant), painless, unilateral loss of vision with floaters. dx?
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retinal detachment
sometimes describe flashes of light and "curtain or veil coming down in front of eye" |
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name 2 common causes of bilateral, painless loss of vision in elderly.
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cataracts and macular degeneration
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what are drusen?
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focal yellow-white deposits in and around macula on fundoscopic exam; associated with macular degeneration
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cranial III lesion?
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eye is down and out; pt can only move eye laterally
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cranial IV lesion?
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trochlear nerve: can't look down and in due to (SO4) superior oblique muscle paralysis
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cranial VI lesion?
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patient can't look laterally because abducens nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle
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what two CN's are involved in the corneal reflex?
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CN V (afferent, sensory) and CN VII (efferent, motor)
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