Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
145 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Web neck
Streak Gonads Primary Amenorrhea |
Turner Sx
|
|
|
Testicular Atrophy
Azoospermia Gynecomastia |
Klinefelter's Sx
|
|
|
Mental Retardation
Endocardial Cushion Defects Short Stature |
Down Sx
|
|
|
Transmission both genders
All generations affected No carrier states |
Autosomal Dominant
|
|
|
No male-male transmission
Disease expressed only in Males Female Carriers |
X-linked recessive
|
|
|
Transmission both genders
Skips Generations Male+female carriers |
Autosomal Recessive
|
|
|
No male-male transmission
Disease expressed only males Female Carriers |
X-linked recessive
|
|
|
Lack of preconception folate?
|
Neural Tube Deffects (NTD)
|
|
|
Fetal H.R. accelerations
|
NST
|
|
|
Fetal Breathing Movements
|
BPP
|
|
|
Repetivite Late decelarations
|
CST
|
|
|
Within hours of birth
Pnemonia Sepsis |
GBBS sepsis
Group B Beta Strep |
|
|
Chorioretinitis
Intracranial Calcifications Symmetric IUGR (intrauterine growth retardation) |
Congenital Toxoplasmosis
|
|
|
Zig-zag skin lesions
Micropthlamia Extremity hypoplasia |
Congenital Varicella
|
|
|
Congenital Deafness
Cong. Heart Disease Cataracts |
Congenital Rubella
|
|
|
Neonatal "Blueberry muffin rash"
|
Cong. Rubella
|
|
|
Neonatal petechiae
|
Congenital CMV
|
|
|
Painful late trim. bleed
Normal Placenta Implant DIC |
Abruptio Placenta
|
|
|
Painles late trim. bleed
Lower uterine seg. plac. implantation |
Plancenta Previa
|
|
|
Membrane rupture
Painless Vag bleed Fetal Bradycardia |
Vasa Previa
|
|
|
1st trim. bleeding
Sono: normal preg Internal cerv. os: closed |
Threatened abortion
|
|
|
1st trim. NO bleeding
Sono: nonivable preg. Internal cerv. os: closed |
Missed Abortion
|
|
|
1st trim. bleeding
No POC passed Internal cerv. os: dilated |
Inevitable Abortion
|
|
|
1st trim. bleeding
Sono: some POC still in uterus Internal cerv. os: dilated |
Incomplete abortion
|
|
|
1st trim. bleeding
Sono: no IU debris Internal Cerv. os: dilated |
Complete Abortion
|
|
|
Twin Pregnancy
2 different genders |
Dizygotics twins
|
|
|
Twin Pregnancy
Genders unknow or same 2 placentas seen |
Dichorionic twins
|
|
|
Twin Pregnancy
Genders unknow or same 1 placenta but 2 sacs |
Monochorionic, diamnionic twins
|
|
|
Twin Pregnancy
Genders unknow or same 1 placenta and 1 sac |
Monochorionic, monoamnionic twins
|
|
|
Speculum Exam shows fluid pooling
Fluid is nitrazine + Fluid shows ferning on drying on glass side |
Ruptured membranes
|
|
|
Membranes ruptured
Maternal Fever No URI or UTI |
Chorioamnionitis
|
|
|
Between 20-36wks
> contractions in 30 min. Cervix dilated > 2cm or change over time |
Preterm Labor
|
|
|
Tocolysis
Respiratory Depression Muscle Weakness |
Magnesium Toxicity
|
|
|
Tocolysis
Hypokalemia Hyperglycemia |
Beta agonist side-effects
|
|
|
Tocolysis
increase pulse decrease BP Myocardial depression |
Calcium ch. blocker S/E
|
|
|
Tocolysis
Oligohydrmanios IU closure of PDA |
Indomethacin S/E
|
|
|
Pregnancy >20 wks
Non-sustained HTN NO proteinuria |
Transient HTN
|
|
|
Pregnancy >20 wks
Sustained HTN >140/90 Prot. >300mg/24 hr urine |
Mild Pre-eclampsia
|
|
|
Pregnancy >20 wks
Sustained HTN >160/110 Prot. >5g/24 hr urine |
Severe Pre-eclampsia
|
|
|
Pregnancy >20wks
Sustained HTN >140/90 Any 1 more of following: HD, visual changes, epigastric pain |
Severe pre-eclampsia
|
|
|
Secondary Amenorrhea
Positive Progesterone Challenge Test |
Anovulation
|
|
|
Secondary Amenorrhea
Progesterone Challenge Test (neg.-) |
Low Estrogen or outflow tract obstruction
|
|
|
Secondary Amenorrhea
Estrogen-Progesterone Challenge Test (pos+) |
Low Estrogen
|
|
|
Secondary Amenorrhea
Estrogen-Progesterone Challenge Test (neg-) |
Outflow Tract Obstruction
|
|
|
Virilization w/ abdominal mass
Sudden Onset ↑↑ DHEAS |
Adrenal Tumor
|
|
|
Virilization w/ pelvic mass
Sudden Onset ↑↑ Testosterone |
Ovarian Tumor
|
|
|
Hirsutism
Gradual Onset Normal DHEAS, Testosterone, 17-OH progesterone ↑ 17-OH Progesterone |
21-OH deficiency
CAH |
|
|
Hirsutism, infertility
Gradual Onset ↑ Testosterone |
PCO Syndrome
|
|
|
Hirsutism
Gradual Onset Normal DHEAS, Testosterone, 17-OH progesterone |
Idiopathicv
|
|
|
Primary Infertility
Progesterone Challenge Test (pos+) Thin-Watery Cervical Mucus |
Anovulation
|
|
|
Primary Infertility
Semen Analysis: Sperm Density 5 million/ml Regular, Predictable menstrual cycles |
Male Factor
|
|
|
Hot Flushes & Sweating
Age 25 years Serially ↑ FSH levels |
Ovarian Failure, r/o
Y chromosome mosaicism |
|
|
Pregnancy > 20 weeks
Sustained HTN > 140/90 Any 1 or more of following: DIC, Increase liver enzymes, pul edema, oliguria |
Severe preeclampsia
|
|
|
2 Pregnancy > 20 weeks
Sustained HTN > 140/90 Unexplained convulsions |
Eclampsia
|
|
|
Pregnancy < 20 weeks
Sustained HTN > 140/90 Proteinura Variable |
Chronic Hypertension
|
|
|
Chronic HTN
Bp Rising Proteinura worsening |
Chronic HTN with superimposed preeclampsia
|
|
|
Pregnancy >20 weeks
Liver enzymes increased Hemolysis and low platelets |
HELLP syn
|
|
|
Pulmonary HTN
Bidirectional intracardiac shunt |
Eisenmenger’s syn
|
|
|
Autosomal dominant disorder
Connective tissue disorder Aortic root dilated>40mm |
Marfans Syn
|
|
|
Term Pregnancy
Biventricular cardiac failure Multiparity |
Peripartum Cadiomyopathy
|
|
|
Decrease TSH , Increased T4, Increased LATS
|
Graves disease
|
|
|
Increased TSH, Decrease T4, Anovulation
|
Hypothyroidism
|
|
|
>20 wks gestation
1hr 50g OGTT > 140 3hr 100g OGTT has 2 abnormal values |
Gestational dm
|
|
|
Prepregnancy Dm
Increase insulin levels |
Type 2 dm
|
|
|
Prepregnancy dm
Decreased insulin |
Type 1 dm
|
|
|
Hgb < 10 g/dl
Mcv<80 Rdw>15 |
Iron def anemia
|
|
|
Hgb < 10 g/dl
Mcv>100 Rdw>15 |
Folate def anemia
|
|
|
Hgb<10
Hemoglobin S>40 |
Sickle cell anemia
|
|
|
No sym
+urine culture No fever |
Asymptomatic bacteriuria
|
|
|
Urgency frequency
+urine culture No fever |
Acute cystitis
|
|
|
Term pregnancy in labor
2cm cervical dilation No dilation change for 16hrs |
Prolonged latent phase
|
|
|
Term pregnancy in labor
8cm cervical dilation Cervical dilation of 2cm over past 4 hours |
Prolonged active phase
|
|
|
Term pregnancy in labor
8cm cervical dilation No cervical dilation over past 4 hours |
Arrested active phase or arrest of dilation
|
|
|
Term pregnancy in labor
Completely dilated at +1 station No change in station after pushing for 3 hours |
Arrested 2nd stage or arrest of descent
|
|
|
Term pregnancy in labor
Amniotomy with fetal head unengaged Sudden onset repetitive sever variable decelerations |
Prolapsed umbilical cord
|
|
|
Second stage of labor
Fetal head is delivered Body will not deliver |
Shoulder dystocia
|
|
|
FHR monitoring
Abrupt increase and decrease in FHR above baseline Onset and ending is unrelated to contractions |
FHR accelerations
|
|
|
FHR monitoring
gradual increase and decrease in FHR below baseline Onset and ending is synchronous in related to contractions |
Early deceleration
|
|
|
FHR monitoring
Abrupt increase and decrease in FHR below baseline lasting 15- 90 sec Onset and ending is unrelated to contractions |
Variable decelerations
|
|
|
FHR monitoring
Gradual increase and decrease in FHR below baseline Onset and ending is delayed in relation to contraction |
Early decelerations
|
|
|
Pregnancy 18-22 weeks
Painless cervical dilation Delivery of previable living fetus |
Incompetent cervix
|
|
|
Term pregnancy in labor
Local anesthetic injected into cervix for pain relief Sudden onset of fetal bardycardia |
Paracervical block
|
|
|
Term pregnancy in labor
Conduction anesthesia Is administered One half of the body feels pain and the other doesn’t |
Epidural block
|
|
|
Postmenopausal bilateral pelvic masses
Postmenopausal bleeding Enlarged Uterus |
Metastatic Ovarian Tumors from Endometrium
|
|
|
Postmenopausal Pelvic Masses
Weight Gain Without Eating Abdominal Ascites |
Metastatic Ovarian Carcinoma
|
|
|
Pregnancy at 1 Weeks by Dates
Hypertension and Proteinuria No Fetal Heart Tones Can Be Heard |
Molar Pregnancy
|
|
|
Pregnancy at 16 Weeks by Dates
Vaginal Bleeding Passage of Vesicles Per Vagina |
Molar Pregnancy
|
|
|
Postmenopausal Woman
Anterior Vaginal Wall Bulging Urinary Incontinence |
Cystocele
|
|
|
Postmenopausal Woman
Posterior Vaginal Wall Bulging Digital Finger Necessary To Remove Stool |
Rectocele
|
|
|
Urinary Incontinence
Urine Loss Only With Coughing & Sneezing No Urine Lost at Night |
Genuine Stress Incontinence
|
|
|
Urinary Incontinence
Cannot Suppress the Urge to Void Urine Lost Day & Night |
Hypertonic Urge Incontinence
|
|
|
Urinary Incontinence
Detrusor Muscle Never Contracts Urine Lost Day & Night |
Hypotonic Overflow Incontinence
|
|
|
Urinary Incontinence
History of Radical Pelvic Surgery or XRT Urine Lost Day & Night |
Fistula or Bypass Incontinence
|
|
|
Pelvic Pain
Painful Intercourse Painful Bowel Movements |
Endometriosis
|
|
|
Fixed, Retroverted Uterus
Uterosacral Ligament Nodularity |
Endometriosis
|
|
|
Amenorrhea
Unilateral Pelvic-Abdominal Pain Vaginal Bleeding |
Ectopic Pregnancy
|
|
|
Bilateral Lower-Abdominal Pelvic Pain
Mucopurulent Cervical Discharge Cervical Motion Tenderness |
Acute PID
|
|
|
Bilateral Lower-Abdominal-Pelvic Pain
No Cervical Discharge Cervical Motion Tenderness |
Chronic PID
|
|
|
Vaginal Discharge
Fishy Odor “Clue Cells” |
Bacterial Vaginosis
|
|
|
Vaginal Discharge
Itching & Burning “Strawberry Cervix” |
Trichomonas Vaginitis
|
|
|
Vaginal Discharge
Itching & Burning Pseudohyphae |
Yeast Vaginitis
|
|
|
Prepubertal Vaginal Bleeding
|
Foreign Body
|
|
|
Precocious Complete Isosexual Puberty
6 year-old girl Abnormal Head MRI scan |
Idiopathic Constitutional
|
|
|
Precocious Complete Isosexual Puberty
4 year-old Girl Adnormal Head MRI Scan |
CNS Pathology
|
|
|
Precocious Complete Isosexual Puberty
6 year-old Girl Café au Lait Skin Lesion |
McCune-Albright Syndrome
|
|
|
Precosious Complete Isosexual Puberty
6 year-old Girl Pelvic Mass |
Granulosa Cell Tumor
|
|
|
Irregular, Unpredictable Menstrual Bleeding
13 year-old Girl Normal Height & Weight |
Temporary Anovulatory Bleeding
|
|
|
Irregular, Unpredictable Menstrual Bleeding
33 year-old Woman Obese & Hypertensive |
Chronic Anovulation Bleeding (PCO)
|
|
|
Normal Predictable Menstrual Bleeding With Bleeding In-Between
33 year-old Woman Normal Height & Weight |
Intrauterine Polyp or Submucus Myoma
|
|
|
Primary Amenorrhea
Breasts & Uterus Present Normal Height & Weight |
Imperforate Hymen
|
|
|
Primary Amenorrhea
Breasts Present, Uterus Absent Normal Pubic & Axillary Hair |
Mullerian Agenesis
|
|
|
Primary Amenorrhea
Breasts Present & Uterus Absent No Pubic or Axillary Hair |
Complete Androgen Insensitivity
|
|
|
Primary Amenorrhea
Breasts Absent, Uterus Present, Increased FSH |
Gonadal Dysgenesis
|
|
|
Primary Amenorrhea
Breasts Absent, Uterus Present Decreased FSH |
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Insufficiency
|
|
|
Primary Amenorrhea
Breasts Absent, Uterus Present Anosmia |
Kallman Syndrome
|
|
|
Secondary Amenorrhea
|
Pregnancy
|
|
|
Conduction anesthesia is administered
Patient stops breathing and becomes cyanotic Term pregnancy in labor |
Intrathecal injection of local anesthetic
|
|
|
Postpartum day #1
After SVD of 31 week preterm neonate in NICU Mother shows no interest in the baby and hasn’t named her |
Impaired maternal-infant bonding
|
|
|
Postpartum day #2
After SVD of term normal neonate Mood swings, tearfulness, cares for baby |
Postpartum blues
|
|
|
Postpartum day #21
After SVD of term normal neonate Feelings of despair, hopelessness, not caring for baby or self |
Postpartum depression
|
|
|
Postpartum day #21
After SVD of term normal neonate Bizarre behaviour, hallucinations |
Postpartum Psychosis
|
|
|
Postpartum bright red vaginal bleeding
Just delivered twins Uterus feels like dough |
Uterine atony
|
|
|
Postpartum bright red vaginal bleeding
Uncontrolled vaginal delivery Uterus feels firm |
Perineal lacerations
|
|
|
Postpartum bright red vaginal bleeding
Plancental vessels extend over edge of membranes Uterus feels firm |
Retained placenta from accessory lobe
|
|
|
Postpartum vaginal bleeding
Abruptio placenta Blood oozing from IV site |
DIC
|
|
|
Postpartum bright red vaginal bleeding
Beefy bleeding vaginal mass Uterus not palpable |
Uterine inversion
|
|
|
T 101 F on post partum day #0
S/P caesarean under general anesthesia Mild rales on lung auscultation |
Atelectasis
|
|
|
T 101 F on post partum day # 1
S/P multiple intrapartum catheteterizations Costovertebral angle tenderness |
Urinary tract infection
|
|
|
T 101 F on post partum day #3
S/P emergency caesarean section Exquisite uterine tenderness |
Endometritis
|
|
|
T 101 F on post partum day #3
S/P spontaneous vaginal delivery Breasts bilaterally swollen, red & tender |
Congestive mastitis or engorgement
|
|
|
T 101 F on post partum day #4
S/P emergency caesarean section Purulent abdominal wound drainage |
Wound infection
|
|
|
T 101 F on post partum day #5
Spiking fevers in spite of triple antibiotics Normal pelvic exam |
Septic thrombophlebitis
|
|
|
T 101 F on post partum day #14
S/P spontaneous vaginal delivery One lobe of left breast is swollen, red & tender |
Infectious mastitis
|
|
|
Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding
Obese Hypertensive |
Endometrial cancer
|
|
|
Enlarged nontender asymmetrical firm uterus
|
Leiomyoma
|
|
|
Enlarged tender, symmetrical, soft uterus
|
Adenomyosis
|
|
|
Reproductive years pelvic mass
|
Pregnancy
|
|
|
Reproductive years pelvic mass
Negative b-hCG Sono: round, smooth-walled, fluid filled adnexal mass |
Functional ovarian cyst (follicular, corpus luteum cyst)
|
|
|
Reproductive years pelvic mass
Negative b-hCG Sono: complex adnexal mass with calcifications |
Benign cystic teratoma
|
|
|
Sudden onset unilateral abdominal-pelvic pain
Negative b-hCG Sono: adnexal mass measuring 12cm diameter |
Ovarian torsion
|
|
|
Reproductive years solid pelvic mass
Negative b-hCG Elevated levels of LDH |
Dysgerminoma
|
|
|
Postmenopausal adnexal mass
Positive BRCA-1 |
Ovarian carcinoma
|
|
|
Postmenopausal adnexal mass
Nulliparous Elevated levels of CA-125 |
Ovarian serous carcinoma (epithelial)
|
|
|
Postmenopausal adnexal mass
Elevated levels of hCG |
Ovarian chorio-carcinoma (germ cell)
|
|
|
Postmenopausal adnexal mass
↑ facial hair, clitorimegaly Elevated levels of testosterone |
Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (gonadal-stromal)
|
