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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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risk factors for DVT?
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Virchow's triad:
stasis endothelial injury hypercoagulability |
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criteria for exudative effusion?
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pleural/serum protein > 0.5; pleural/serum LDH > 0.6
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causes of exudative effusion
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think of leaky capillaries: malignancy, TB, bacterial or viral infx, PE with infarct, and pancreatitis
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causes of transudative effusion
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think of intact capillaries: CHF, liver or kidney disease, and protein-losing enteropathy
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normalizing pCO2 in a pt having an asthma exacerbation may indicate...?
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fatigue and impending resp. failure
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dyspnea, lateral hilar lymphadenopathy on CXR, noncaseating granulomas, increased ACE, and hypercalcemia
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sarcoidosis
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PFT showing decr. FEV1/FVC
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obstructive pulmonary disease (eg. asthma)
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PFT showing incr. FEV1/FVC
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restrictive pulmonary disease
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honeycomb pattern on CXR. dx? tx?
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diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. supportive care and steroids may help
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tx for SVC syndrome
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radiation
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tx for mild, persistent asthma?
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inhaled beta-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids
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acid/base d/o in PE
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hypoxia and hypocarbia
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non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) assoc. with hypercalcemia
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squamous cell carcinoma
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lung CA assoc. with SIADH
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small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
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lung CA highly related to cigarette exposure
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small cell lung cancer
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tall white male presents with acute SOB. dx? tx?
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spontaneous pneumothorax. spontaneous regression. supplemental O2 may be helpful
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tx of tension pneumothorax
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immediate needle thoracostomy
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characteristics favoring carcinoma in an isolated pulm. nodule
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1. age > 45-50yrs
2. lesions new or larger in comparison to old films 3. absence of calcification or irregular calcification 4. size > 2cm 5. irregular margins |
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hypoxemia and pulm. edema c normal pulm. wedge pressure
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ARDS
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silicosis incr. risk for what infection?
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Mycobacterium TB
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causes of hypoxemia?
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R to L shunt
hypoventilation low inspired O2 tension diffusion defect V/Q mismatch |
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classic CXR findings for pulm. edema
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1. cardiomegaly
2. prominent pulm. vessels 3. Kerley B lines 4. "bat's wing" appearance of hilar shadows 5. perivascular and peribronchial cuffing |
