Step 1: Pulmonary Cancer And Pneumonia

Front 1

Intra-alveolar exudate --> consolidation... may involved entire lung. Which type of pneumonia?
- causitive organisms?

Back 1

Lobar.
- pneumococcus (most freq), Klebsiella

Front 2

Acute inflammatory infiltrates from bronchioles into adjacent alveoli; patchy distribution involving >/= 1 lobes. Type of pneumonia?
- organisms? (4)

Back 2

Bronchopneumonia
- S. aureus, H.influ, Klebsiella, S. pyogenes

Front 3

diffuse patchy inflammation localized to interstitial areas at alveolar wall; distribution involves >/=1 lobe. Has a more indolent (slow, lazy) course. Type of pneumonia?
- organisms?

Back 3

Interstitial (atypical)
- Viruses (RSV, adenovirus), Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia (aytpicals!!)

Front 4

What is the usual cause of a lung abscess?
- description?
- freq causes?

Back 4

bronchial obstruction (e.g. cancer) or aspiration of oropharyngeal contents (alcoholics, epileptics).
- localized collection of pus w/i parenchyma
- s. aureus or anaerobes

Front 5

Smoker presents w/hemoptysis and cough. CXR shows Hilar mass arising from bronchus. Cavitation seen.
- area expect this in?
- dz?
- major association?
- histology?
- possible other systemic sx that this type likes to cause?

Back 5

- central
- squamous cell carcinoma (squamous sentral smoking)
- smoking
- keratin pearls and intercellular bridges
- PTH producing (frequently)

Front 6

Non-smoking female presents with hemoptysis and cough. Multiple densities are seen on CXR. Pt does have hx of past pneumonias.
- likely dx?
- area of tree i/which this would be expected to be found?
- histology?
- epidemiological links?
- two types?
+ which is often confused w/pneumonia? What else can this type cause?

Back 6

- Adenocarcinoma
- peripheral
- Clara cells --> type II pneumocytes; multiple densities on CXR.
- develops in sites of prior pulmonary inflammation or injury. NOT linked to smoking.
- bronchial; bronchioaveolar is most often confused with pneumonia. Bronchioaveolar can also result in hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (CLUBBING)

Front 7

Where would you expect to find an undifferentiated, very aggressive cancer of the lung that looks like small, blue cells?
- dx?
- type of tumor?
- frequently does what?
- may lead to which syndrome? How?
- responsive to chemo?
- surgx?

Back 7

Centrally
- Small cell (oat cell) carcinoma
- neuroendocrine
- ectopic ADH or ACTH (Cushings).
- Lambert eaton (Ab against Calcium channels)
- yes
- no

Front 8

If you saw Pleomorphic giant cells with leukocyte fragments i/ their cytoplasm... what cancer?
- expected respiratory tree area?
- characteristics?
- responsive to chemo?
- surgx?

Back 8

Large cell carcinoma
- peripheral
- undifferentiated, highly anaplastic w/poor prog.
- treat w/ surgx, less responsive to chemo.

Front 9

What type of lung tumor might present with flushing, diarrhea, wheezing, and salivation?
- why?

Back 9

Carcinoid tumor; it secretes 5HT --> the described sx (carcinoid syndrome)

Front 10

What malignancy is associated w/ asbestos?
- see on histology?
- pathophysiological results of dz?

Back 10

Mesothelioma
- round collections of calcium (psammoma bodies)
- pleural thickening w/hemorrhagic pleural effusion

Front 11

Where do lung cancers like to send mets?
- sx at these sites?

Back 11

adrenals, brain (epilepsy), bone (pathologic frax), liver (juandice, hepatomegaly).