Step 1: Microbiology - Associations

Front 1

bacteria with no cell wall

Back 1

mycoplasma

Front 2

acid fast stain

Back 2

mycobacteria (high lipid content)

Front 3

intracellular bacteria (2)

Back 3

rickettsia and chlamydia

Front 4

lacks muramic acid in cell wall

Back 4

chlamydia

Front 5

giemsa stain (4)

Back 5

borrelia, plasmodium, trypanosomes, chlamydia

Front 6

PAS stain

Back 6

tropheryma whippelii (whipple's disease)

Front 7

Ziehl-Nelson stain

Back 7

acid fast orgnanisms

Front 8

india ink stain

Back 8

cryptococcus neoformans

Front 9

silver stain (2)

Back 9

legionella and fungi (e.g. pneumocystis)

Front 10

Media: Buffered charcoal-yeast extract (BCYE); (buffered with cysteine)

Back 10

legionella

Front 11

Medium: chocolate agar (2)

Back 11

haemophilus species
neisseria gonorrhoeae

Front 12

Medium: Eosin-methylene blue or MacConkey agar

Back 12

e. coli

Front 13

Medium: Loeffler's and Tellurite Medium

Back 13

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Front 14

Medium: Lowenstein Jensen Medium

Back 14

Mycobacterium TB (grows very slooowwwwllllyyyyy)

Front 15

Medium: Thayer-Martin Medium

Back 15

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Front 16

Medium: Regan-Lowe agar or Bordet-Genou

Back 16

Bordatella pertussis

Front 17

Thiosulfate citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS)

Back 17

vibrio cholerae

Front 18

Need cell culture; cannot be grown on medium

Back 18

chlamydia species

Front 19

Medium: mouse foot pad

Back 19

mycobacterium leprae

Front 20

Factor V and Factor X

Back 20

Needed on chocolate agar growth medium for haemophilus influenzae

Factor V = NAD+
Factor X = hematin

Front 21

Medium: Sabouraud's agar

Back 21

Fungi

Front 22

Medium: Eaton's agar

Back 22

M. pneumoniae

Front 23

yellow pigment

Back 23

S. aureus (aureus = gold, latin)

Front 24

sulfur granules (yellow)

Back 24

actinomyces israelii

Front 25

blue-green pigment

Back 25

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Front 26

red pigment

Back 26

serratia marcescens

Front 27

Virulence factor (promotes evasion of host immune response): protein A

Back 27

S. aureus

(Binds Fc region of Ig. Prevents opsonization and phagocytosis.)

Front 28

Virulence factor (promotes evasion of host immune response): M protein

Back 28

group A streptococcus

(Helps prevent phagocytosis.)

Front 29

alpha toxin

Back 29

clostridium perfringens

alpha toxin causes gas gangrene; get double zone of hemolysis on blood agar

Front 30

blocks release of inhibitory neurotransmitters (GABA and glycine)

Back 30

C. tetani

Front 31

blocks release of Ach

Back 31

C. boltulinum

Front 32

edema factor

Back 32

bacillus anthracis

Front 33

shiga toxin (2)

Back 33

shigella and e.coli O157:H7

(cleaves host cell RNA (inactivates 60s ribosome))

Front 34

streptolysin O

Back 34

s. pyogenes

Front 35

only gram positive bacteria with endotoxin

Back 35

listeria monocytogenes

Front 36

transformation
transduction
conjugation

Back 36

ability to take up DNA from the environment
transfer of DNA by phage
F+ plasmid; DNA transfer through pilus

Front 37

undulant fever

Back 37

brucella

Front 38

unpasteurized dairy products

Back 38

brucella

Front 39

prairie dogs

Back 39

yersinia pestis

Front 40

fishy smell

Back 40

gardenerella vaginalis

Front 41

acute angle branching

Back 41

aspergillus

Front 42

pseudohyphae and budding yeast at 20 degrees celcius

germ tubes at 37 degrees celcius

Back 42

candida

Front 43

septate hyphae

Back 43

aspergillus

Front 44

non-septate hyphae with wide-angle branching

Back 44

mucor

Front 45

narrow-based unequal budding

Back 45

cryptococcus

Front 46

chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications

Back 46

toxoplasma gondii

Front 47

swimming in freshwater lakes

Back 47

naegleria fowleri

Front 48

mega_____

Back 48

trypanosoma cruzi

Front 49

maltese cross

Back 49

babesia

Front 50

scotch tape test

Back 50

enterobius vermicularis

Front 51

vitamin B12 deficiency

Back 51

diphyllobothrium latum

Front 52

sheep dog

Back 52

echinococcus granulosus

Front 53

snails

Back 53

schistosoma

Front 54

undercooked crab

Back 54

paragonimus westermani

Front 55

cholangiosarcoma

Back 55

clonorchis sinensis

Front 56

DNA virus that replicates outside the nucleus

Back 56

poxvirus (carries its own DNA-dependent RNA polymerase)

Front 57

RNA virus that does not replicate in the cytoplasm

Back 57

influenza (and retroviruses)

Front 58

enveloped virus whose envelope does not come from the plasma membrane

Back 58

herpesviruses (envelopes come from the nuclear membrane)

Front 59

single stranded DNA virus

Back 59

parvo

Front 60

slapped cheeks

Back 60

parvovirus B19

Front 61

monospot negative

Back 61

CMV

Front 62

Tzanck smear

Back 62

HSV

Front 63

cough, coryza conjunctivitis, koplik spots

Back 63

rubeola (measles) virus

Front 64

parotitis, orchitis, aseptic meningitis

Back 64

mumps virus

Front 65

negri bodies

Back 65

rabies virus

Front 66

dominant normal flora: skin

Back 66

staph epidermidis

Front 67

dominant normal flora: nose

Back 67

staph epidermidis (colonized by staph aureus)

Front 68

dominant normal flora: oropharynx

Back 68

viridans group streptococci

Front 69

dominant normal flora: dental plaque

Back 69

streptococcus mutans

Front 70

dominant normal flora: colon

Back 70

bacteroides fragilis > e.coli

Front 71

dominant normal flora: vagina

Back 71

lactobacillus (colonized by e.coli and group b strep)

Front 72

contaminated seafood

Back 72

vibrio

Front 73

wound infections in fishermen

Back 73

vibrio vulnificus

Front 74

reheated rice

Back 74

bacillus cereus

Front 75

meats, mayonnaise, custard

Back 75

staph aureus

Front 76

reheated meat

Back 76

clostridium perfringens

Front 77

improperly canned foods

Back 77

clostridium botulinum

Front 78

undercooked meat

Back 78

e. coli O157:H7

Front 79

poultry, meat, eggs

Back 79

salmonella

Front 80

growth at 42 deg

Back 80

campylobacter

Front 81

day care diarrhea

Back 81

yersinia enterocolitica

Front 82

rice water diarrhea

Back 82

vibrio cholerae

Front 83

positive leukocyte esterase test

Back 83

bacterial UTI

Front 84

positive nitrite test

Back 84

gram-negative bacterial UTI

Front 85

swarming

Back 85

proteus mirabilis

Front 86

neonate with chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, and intracranial calcifications

Back 86

toxoplasma gondii (from mom; TORCHeS)

Front 87

neonate with PDA, cataracts, deafness

Back 87

rubella (from mom; TORCHeS)

(and possibly a blueberry muffin rash)

Front 88

neonate with hearing loss and seizures

Back 88

CMV (from mom; TORCHeS)

Front 89

rash starting at head and moving down

Back 89

rubella

Front 90

rash spreading from trunk outward; lesions at different stages

Back 90

VZV (chickenpox)

Front 91

sand paper-like rash

Back 91

strep pyogenes (scarlet fever)

Front 92

respiratory therapy equipment

Back 92

pseudomonas AIReugenosa

Front 93

aerosolized water

Back 93

legionella

Front 94

ring-enhancing lesions

Back 94

toxoplasma gondii

Front 95

cotton-wool spots on fundoscopic exam

Back 95

CMV (retinitis)

Front 96

pseudomembranes

Back 96

corynebacterium diphtheriae

Front 97

drooling

Back 97

H. influenzae (due to epiglottitis)

Front 98

dog or cat bite

Back 98

pasteurella multocida

Front 99

fungal infection in diabetic

Back 99

mucor or rhizopus species

Front 100

neutropenic patients

Back 100

candida albicans

Front 101

bilateral bell's palsy

Back 101

borrelia burgdorferi

Front 102

teeth discoloration; inhibition of bone growth in children

Back 102

tetracyclines

Front 103

grey baby syndrome

Back 103

chloramphenicol

Front 104

red man syndrome

Back 104

vancomycin

Front 105

tendonitis/tendon rupture

Back 105

fluoroquinolones

Front 106

red-green color blindness

Back 106

ethambutol

Front 107

orange body fluids

Back 107

rifampin