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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Law of conservation of mass
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_______________________________ states that mass is neither created nor destroyed.
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Nuclear forces
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The short-range proton-proton, proton-neutron, and neutron-neutron forces that hold the nuclear particles together are referred to as _______________________________.
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Average atomic mass
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The weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element is the ___________________________.
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Avogadro’s number
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The number of particles in exactly one mole of a pure substance is _______________________.
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Thomson
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________________________________ is credited with the discovery of the electron from his cathode ray tube experiment.
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Dalton
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In 1808 _______________________ proposed a theory about atoms to explain the law of conservation of mass, law of definite proportions, and the law of multiple proportions.
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Law of multiple proportions
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The ____________________________________ states that if two or more different compounds are composed of the same two elements, then the ratio of the masses of the second element combined with a certain mass of the first element is always a ratio of small whole numbers.
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Atomic number
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The __________________________ of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
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Law of direct proportions
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The ____________________________________ states that a chemical compound contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions of mass regardless of the size of the sample or source of the compound.
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Isotope
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A(n) _____________________ is an atom of the same element that has different number of neutrons.
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Atom
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A(n) __________________________ is the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.
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Molar mass
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The mass of one mole of a pure substance is called the ___________________ of that substance.
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Mass number
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The ____________________________ is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an isotope.
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Mole
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A(n) ____________________________ is the amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12.
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Rutherford
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The famous gold foil test that lead to the discovery of the nucleus was conducted by ______________________.
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