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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the sources of stem cells? |
• Exfoliated deciduous teeth or prior to shedding• Supernumerary & natal teeth• Teeth extracted for impaction or orthodontics• Wisdom teeth when still developing• Permanent teeth with healthy pulps• Inflamed pulp tissue / diseased but vital teeth• Cryopreserved healthy teeth• Dental tissues from other species |
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what are the potential applications of the stem cells? |
Pulpal regeneration in endodontics• Periodontal regeneration including guided tissueregeneration• Craniofacial regeneration• Dental implantology – bone formation• Engineering of new teeth = bio-teeth• Medical applications eg: treatment of liver disease,muscular dystrophy, stroke, diabetes, spinal cordregeneration, cardiac repair |
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what are DPSCs? |
Quiescent state in healthy dental pulp• Source of odontoblasts contributing to dentine formationduring tissue injury / repairExperimentally:• Odontoblast-like cells express sialophosphoproteinproducing dentinal tubules similar to natural dentine• Transplanted with hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate –forms pulp-dentine-like complexes in mice• Osteogenic potential less good• Adipogenic, neurogenic, chondrogenic & myogenicdifferentiation capacities in vitro |
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what is special about the DPCs? |
Absence of epithelial-mesenchymal interactionsie: without an epithelial component |
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what is SHED? |
High rate of proliferation• Osteogenic, adipogenic, neurogenic, myogenic & chondrogenic invitro• Can regenerate pulp-like complex although unable to regeneratecomplex dentine-pulp complex in vivo (cf: DPSCs)• Can repair calvarial defects in mice |
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what are the PDLSc? |
First isolated in 2004• Homeostasis & regeneration of periodontal tissues ordefects (prevents ankylosis)• Differentiate to form new cementoblasts, osteoblasts &fibroblastsExperimentally:• Form clonogenic clusters resembling fibroblasts• Osteogenic, cementogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic & acapacity to differentiate into neuronal precursors• Cementum/PDL-like structure containing dense collagentype 1 with Sharpey-like fibres embedded in cementumformed in vivo• Expanded stem cells seeded on 3D scaffolds such as afibrin sponge leads to bone formation |
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what are DFSCs / DFPCs? |
Dental follicle contains pre-cursor cells for PDL, cementum &bone• Sourced from impacted third molars & can be cryopreservedfor many years• Potential tissue engineering application to form completeperiodontium but not observed in vivo yet (possibly due tolow numbers of cells)• Cementogenic, adipogenic, neurogenic & osteogenic in rats atectopic sites• Characteristics vary across species studied (bovine, human,mouse, rat) & with developmental stage ie: crown or rootregion = heterogeneous stem cell population |
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what is SCAP? |
Apical papilla = soft tissue at apices of developingpermanent teeth• Appear to be the source of primary odontoblasts forthe development of root dentineExperimentally:• High proliferative potential• Form odontoblast-like cells & produce dentine in vivo• Adipogenic & have neural cell markers• ? Best source for root dentine formation |
