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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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development of human embryonic tissues |
day 0-fertilized egg. day 5. blastocyst. day 6-7-trophoblast (a) or inner cll mass (b) day 8-9 A-cytotrophoblast B1 Hypoblast or b2 epiblast day 12 a- syncytiotrophoblast b1 extraembryonic endoderm b2a amniotic ectoderm b2b primitive ectoderm day 15 b1 yolk sac b2biprimitive streak day 16 b2bi1 extraembryonic mesderm, b2bi2 embryonic mesoderm, b2bi3embryonic ectoderm b2bii embryonic ectoderm |
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cell differntation |
ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm. Zygote->blastocyst->gastrula->ectoderm(skin cell, neuron, pigment cell OR mesoderm (cardian muscle, skeletal muscle, red blood cell) OR endoderm (pancreatic cell, thyroid cell, lung cell) OR germ cell (sperm, egg) |
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stem cells vs progenitor cells |
stems cells eg hematopoietic stem cell= another stem cell and specialized cell(eg neuron) (or two of one) progenitor cell (egmyeloid progenitor cell)= specialized cells (neutrophil, red blood cell) |
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pluripotent stem cells |
in vivo fertilized egg (totipotent)->8 cell embryo->blastocyst->cultured undifferentiated stem cells (pluripotent)-> neural cells, cardiac muscles, bloodcles... |
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qualities of neural stem cells |
can migrate through the brain to populate developing/degenerating regions can respond to extra cellular signals elling them what is needed of them locally (response to signalling. exact mechanism unknown, but NSCs can sense what cell tpe is needed for differentiation in the region of the brain that they occupy. Scientists think that maybe apopotic signalling, to sytokines may be responsible are pluripotent (can differentiate into cells of all neural lineages) self-renew (generate NSCs with similar potential) |
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pluripotency:neural stem cell progeny |
4 types. Type 1-astrocytes, type ii also astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons |
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MS |
multiple sclerosis chronic disease of brain, spinal chord vision, speech problems coordination loss muscle weakness, depression loss of mylein sheath that insulates neurons |
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shiverer mice |
contain a mutation in gene encoding for myelin basic protein have a defect in producing myelin sheaths exhibit symptoms similar to MS can introduce neural stem cells into brain recovered from damage |
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neural stem cel therapies for ms |
demyelination of neurons. Cell replacement of oligodendrocytes can repair this problem
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other potentially treatable diseases |
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spinal cord injury parkinsons huntingtons post-stroke brain function loss ms alzheimers
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basic embryo development day 0-7 |
day 0- fertilized egg (little circle) day 5 blastocyst (3 quarters pichart) day 6-7 (3 quarters pi chart.) up left-inner cell mass, 3/4 part=trophoblast
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basic embryo development day 8-12 |
day 8-9 (circle with top half section w/ lil bits) top=epiblast, bottom=hypoblast day 12 (circle with blue bit on top, a ring of pink goop around) synctiotrophoblast=pink stuff cytotrophoblast-inside pink stuff day (green thing like a t w a fat bottom, in fact bottom is three lumps stacked) gastrula |
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day 1 and 16embryo development |
day 15 a blue butt on top of a yellow thing. The butt crack=primitive streak day 16 it looks like a clam thats slightly open in the front. Top bit=embryonic ectoderm. pink inside part=embryonic mesoderm. bottom bit=embryonic endoderm |
