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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Multipotent |
can differentiate into a limited number of cell types
Example: hematopoietic cell |
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Unipotent
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can generate One type of differentiated cell
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Define: Stem Cell
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a clonal, self-renewing entity
Unspecialized Potency: progeny can be induced to become specialized (differentiate) |
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transdifferentiation
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the generation of functional cells of a tissue, organ, or lineage that is different from the founding stem cell
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Stemness
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the common molecular processes of Stem Cells to self-renew and generate differentiated progeny.
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Teratomas or teratocarcinoma
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tumor (neoplasm)
a tumor with tissue or organ components resembling normal derivatives of all three germ layers. |
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embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines
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Stevens and Pierce
Sources: 1. Primordial germ cells 2. inner cell mass 3. transplantation of preimplantation embryos |
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Embryonic Stem (ES) Cells:
Features |
grown indefinitely in culture
pluripotent & contribute to germline Mouse: knowckout, knock-in, conditional knockout (add Promoter --> diff splicing) |
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what does it mean when iPS cells transiently express gene ?
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cell makes protein but no change in genome
turns on endogenous genes |
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induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) cell features
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can be produced from adult cells by transiently expressing a set of pluri genes
transplanted into inner cell mass --> generates cells from all three germ layers & germline |
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defining features of SC
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rare in tissue, --> produce all differentiated progeny in lineage
only long term resident cell in tissue |
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Totipotent cells: Epigenetic Status?
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Global DNA demethylation
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Pluripotent cells: Epigenetic Status?
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only active X chromosomes
global repression of differentiation genes by Polycomb proteins Promoter hypomethylation |
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Multipotent cells: Epigenetic Status?
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X inactivation
Repression of lineage-specific genes by Polycomb proteins Promoter hypermethylation |
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Unipotent cells: Epigenetic Status?
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X inactivation
Derepression of Polycomb silenced lineage genes Promoter hypermethylation |
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Pluripotent cell: Developmental potential
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ICM/ES cells
EG cells EC cells mGS cells iPS cells |
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What is the difference btw SC & transit amplifying population?
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Transit Amp Pop has begun to differentiate & has limited proliferation
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multipotent cells: developmental potential
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AS cells
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Unipotent cells: Developmental potential
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Differentiated cell types
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