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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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AIDS |
Immunodeficiency in which T4 cells are uses as a receptor and reservoir for HIV
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How is AIDS transmitted? |
blood semen vaginal secretions breast milk |
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S/S AIDS |
flu-like symptoms fever night sweats weight loss
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Seroconversion rate of HIV |
3week sto 6 months |
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Labs for AIDS |
ELISA for initial Western blot for confirmatory
Absolute CD4 count: Normal > 800
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Management of AIDS |
Bactrim prophylaxis daily for pneumonia prevention
AART by the time CD4 reaches 350
MUST TAKE MEDS EXACTLY AS PRESCRIBED AT EXACT TIMES TO DECREASE RISK OF RESISTANCE (i.e. 9 AM and 9 PM means 9 AM and 9PM) |
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Chancroid |
gram-negative hemophilus ducreyi
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S/S Chancroid |
women: usually asymptomatic Men: single or multiple superficial, painful ulcer, surrounded by erythematous halo |
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DX of Chancroid |
involves genitalia and unilateral bubo (both) |
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Treatment of Chancroid |
Zithromax 1gram Ceftriaxone IM Cipro |
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Sensitivity |
means if the disease is there the test is positive
++++++++++
ex: 80% sensitive means 80% of the time it works |
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Specificity |
means if there is isn't a disease the test is negative
-------------------------- |
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Chlamydia |
most common STD in US
dysuria postcoital bleeding (women) dysparunia vaginal d/c thick cloudy penile discharge
Chlamydia culture is most definitive test and takes 3-9 days for results
Treatment Azithromycin 1 gram Doxy for 7 days if allergic to above then ERYC, Ofloxacin or Levofloxacin
REPORT TO HEALTH DEPT |
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Genital Warts |
HPV
most common viral STD in US
single or multiple soft, fleshy, papillary growths around the anus, vulvovaginal area, penis, urethra, or perineum
painless
Can do colposcopy for diagnosing flat leasions
Treatment: keartolytic agents (Pododerm, TCA, or BCA) refer for cryotherapy, laser therapy, electrocautery, or excision
PREVENTION: Gardisil Cervavix |
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Gonorrhea |
gram negative
neisseria gonorrhoea
leading cause of infertility among women in US
male to female transmission 80-90% after expose
S/S: green d/c other STD s/s
Treatment: Ceftriaxone IM Azythromycin to cover chlamydia
REPORT TO HEALTH DEPT |
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Hepatitis B |
can give Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) within 14 days of exposure |
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Herpes |
No cure
Painful genital lesions
Type 1: lips, face, and mucosa Type 2: genitalia
Direct contact transmission
S/S: fever malaise initial: painful/pruritic ulcers that last for ~ 12 days recurrent: less painful ulcers that last for ~ 5 days
Most definite diagnostic test is culture
Treatment: none for curing disease Acyclovir for topical, oral and IV use if needed Famcyclovir Valacyclovir
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Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV) |
S/S 2-3 mm painless vesicle, bubo, or non-indurated ulcer regional adenopathy follows in ~ 1 month and is MOST common finding stiffness and aching in groin followed by unilateral swelling of inguinal region
can be confused with chancroid definitive diagnosis requires isolating C trachoma tis from the specimen
Treatment: doxy aspirate buboes to prevent ulcerations |
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Molluscum Contagiosum |
lesions 1-5 mm smooth rounded firm shiny flesh colored to pearly white papules commonly seen on trunk and anogenital region
Treatment: cryo |
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Syphillis |
involves multiple organ systems
Third most common reported in US
Four stages Primary Secondary Latent Tertiary
Treatment PCN G If PCNallergy: Doxy or ERYC
REPORT TO HEALTH DEPT |
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Primary stage of syphillis |
Chancre is painless idurated ulcer located at site of exposure |
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Secondary stage of syphillis |
flu-like symptoms skin rash on palms and soles of feet lymphadenopathy malaise anorexia alopecia arthralgias |
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Latent stage of syphillis |
seropositive but asymptomatic |
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Tertiary stage of syphillis |
leukoplakia cardiac insufficiency aortic aneurysm meningitis hemiparesis hemiplegia |
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What STDS to report to Health Department |
Syphillis Chlamydia Gonorrhea
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