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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Population |
All individuals of interest. |
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Sample |
Subset of the population |
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Explanatory Variable |
"Explains" EX:Varying level of phone usage |
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Response Variable |
EX:If phone usage resulted in contracting brain cancer. |
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Lurking Variable |
Explanatory variable that was not considered in the study. |
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Confounding |
Occurs when the effects of two or more explanatory variables are not separated. Can happen a lot in observational studies. |
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Control |
Untreated group used for comparison purposes. |
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Placebo |
"False Pill" |
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Single Blind |
Participant doesn't know what treatment group they belong to. |
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Double Blind |
Neither participant nor administrator know what treatment group they belong to. |
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Observational Study |
Observing response variables without trying to interfere. |
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Designed Experiment |
Researcher purposely adjusts explanatory variable to record the response or response variable. |
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Simple Random |
"Gold Standard". Randomly select each individual. |
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Convenience |
BAD METHOD- Volunteers/Grab People |
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Cluster Sample |
Create groups for convenience. Randomly select groups. |
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Stratified Sample |
Obtained by separating the population into nonoverlapping groups called strata. Then a simple random sample is conducted with each stratum.
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Systematic Sample |
Obtained by selecting every k'th individual from the population. The individual selected corresponds to a random number between 1 and k. |
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Discrete Variable |
Quantitative: Finite number of values |
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Continuous Variable |
Quantitative: Infinite number of values |
