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4 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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estimated standard error (SsubM)
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used to estimate of the real standard error σsubM when the value of σ is unknown; computed from the sample variance or sample standard deviation and provides an estimate of the standard distance between a sample mean M and the population mean µ
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t statistic
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used to test hypotheses about an unknown population mean µ when the value of σ is unknown; formula has the same structure as the z-score formula, expect that the t statistic uses the eliminated standard error in the denominator
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degrees of freedom
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describe the number of scores in a sample that are independent and free to vary; because the sample mean pleaces a restriction on the value of one score in the sample, there are n-1 degrees of freedom for the sample
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t distribution
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the complete set of t values computed for every possible random sample for a specific sample size (n) or a specific degrees of freedom (df); the t distribution approximates the shape of a normal distribution
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