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23 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Case
is an individual about whom or which we have data
Categorical variable
A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals) is called categorical
Context
The context ideally tells Who was measured, What was measured, How the data were collected, Where the data were collected, and When and Why the study was performed
Cross-Sectional data
Data taken from situations that vary over time but measured at a single time instant is said to be a cross-section of the time series
Data
Systematically recorded information, whether numbers or labels, together with its context
Data table
An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
Experiment
A study in which the researcher manipulates factor levels to assess the effect of the factor on the response
Experimental unit
An individual in a study for which or for whom data values are recorded. Human experimental units are usually called subjects or participants
Identifier variable
A categorical variable that records a unique value for each case, used to name or identify it
Nominal variable
The term "nominal" can be applied to data whose values are used only to name categories
Observational study
A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
Ordinal variable
The term "ordinal" can be applied to the data for which some kind of order is available but for which measured values are not available
Participant
A human experimental unit. Also called a subject.
Quantitative variable
A variable in which numbers are values of measured quantities with units
Record
Information about an individual in a database
Relational database
Stores and retrieves information. Within the database, information is kept in data tables that can be "related" to each other
Respondent
Someone who answers, or responds, to a survey
Spreadsheet
Layout designed for accounting that is often used to store and manage data tables. Excel is a common example.
Subject
A human experimental unit. Also called a participant
Survey
Study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
Time series
Data measured over time. Usually the time intervals are equally spaced.
Units
A quantity or an amount adopted as a standard of measurement, such as dollars, hours, or grams
Variable
Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases