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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Case
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is an individual about whom or which we have data
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Categorical variable
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A variable that names categories (whether with words or numerals) is called categorical
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Context
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The context ideally tells Who was measured, What was measured, How the data were collected, Where the data were collected, and When and Why the study was performed
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Cross-Sectional data
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Data taken from situations that vary over time but measured at a single time instant is said to be a cross-section of the time series
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Data
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Systematically recorded information, whether numbers or labels, together with its context
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Data table
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An arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable
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Experiment
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A study in which the researcher manipulates factor levels to assess the effect of the factor on the response
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Experimental unit
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An individual in a study for which or for whom data values are recorded. Human experimental units are usually called subjects or participants
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Identifier variable
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A categorical variable that records a unique value for each case, used to name or identify it
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Nominal variable
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The term "nominal" can be applied to data whose values are used only to name categories
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Observational study
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A study based on data in which no manipulation of factors has been employed
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Ordinal variable
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The term "ordinal" can be applied to the data for which some kind of order is available but for which measured values are not available
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Participant
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A human experimental unit. Also called a subject.
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Quantitative variable
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A variable in which numbers are values of measured quantities with units
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Record
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Information about an individual in a database
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Relational database
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Stores and retrieves information. Within the database, information is kept in data tables that can be "related" to each other
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Respondent
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Someone who answers, or responds, to a survey
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Spreadsheet
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Layout designed for accounting that is often used to store and manage data tables. Excel is a common example.
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Subject
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A human experimental unit. Also called a participant
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Survey
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Study that asks questions of a sample drawn from some population in the hope of learning something about the entire population
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Time series
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Data measured over time. Usually the time intervals are equally spaced.
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Units
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A quantity or an amount adopted as a standard of measurement, such as dollars, hours, or grams
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Variable
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Holds information about the same characteristic for many cases
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